Impacts of Landscape Structure, Host Demography, and Management Interventions on Disease Dynamics

景观结构、宿主人口统计和管理干预措施对疾病动态的影响

• 批准号: 1413925
• 负责人: Sue VandeWoude
• 金额: $ 174.24万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-15 至 2021-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1413925&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Impacts; Landscape; Structure; Host; Demography

This project will investigate how environmental factors and wildlife management programs affect infectious disease spread in species that move large distances. The researchers will evaluate populations of pumas in the Florida Everglades, Colorado?s Front Range and Western Slope, and Southern California. The results will be applicable to other wide-ranging species, such as large herbivores, other carnivores, and even humans. Working with partners in state and Federal agencies, the investigators will determine how the spread of disease is affected by management actions such as hunting and relocation of animals; how future disease outbreaks might spread through vulnerable populations; and how they might be controlled via vaccination, development of quarantine buffer zones, or other means. The project also includes outreach efforts to educate the public about conservation issues, and engage students in relevant studies in disease ecology. This project will involve students from groups that are underrepresented in the sciences. The study will evaluate how the interaction between landscape structure and management interventions affect disease spread in populations of wide-ranging apex predators (Puma concolor). Using an exceptional database and corresponding set of biological samples, and an experienced collaborative team, the research will trace the spread of two apathogenic (i.e. non-pathogenic), contact-dependent retroviral agents in geographically distinct puma populations under three different management regimes: (a) supplementation and recovery of the highly endangered Florida panther, (b) large-scale manipulative harvest experiments of a rural Colorado puma population, and (c) steady-state management of urban puma populations in the Colorado Front Range and Southern California. A landscape genomics approach will inform advanced network models to determine the relative importance of landscape structure and management actions on host connectivity, demography, and, ultimately, disease dynamics. These apathogenic transmission models will be tested with empirical data from a recent virulent outbreak of Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) in Florida Panthers. The model will be used to predict disease spread of virulent agents using models based on apathogenic agents, and to inform management programs to control disease outbreaks. This integrated approach provides a basis for utilizing complex molecular and geospatial tools to advance models to predict and mitigate virulent disease outbreaks for wide-ranging species in complex landscapes.

该项目将调查环境因素和野生动植物管理计划如何影响传染病的传播在移动较大距离的物种中。研究人员将评估佛罗里达大沼泽地，科罗拉多州的前山脉和西部坡度以及南加州的Pumas人群。结果将适用于其他广泛的物种，例如大型食草动物，其他食肉动物，甚至人类。调查人员与州和联邦机构的合作伙伴合作，将确定疾病的传播如何受到诸如狩猎和搬迁动物的管理行动的影响；未来的疾病暴发如何通过脆弱的人群传播；以及如何通过疫苗接种，隔离缓冲区的发展或其他方式来控制它们。该项目还包括向公众教育保护问题的宣传工作，并让学生参与疾病生态学研究。该项目将涉及科学中人数不足的小组的学生。该研究将评估景观结构与管理干预措施之间的相互作用如何影响大型顶端捕食者（PUMA Concolor）种群中疾病的传播。该研究使用特殊的数据库和相应的生物样品集，以及经验丰富的协作团队，将追踪两个贫困（即非致病性），接触依赖性逆转录病毒药物在地理上不同的puma种群中的传播，在三种不同的管理方案下：（a）高度濒临灭绝的佛罗里达州范围（a）大量的佛罗里达人（a）大量的大范围（b）大范围的大范围（b）大范围的大范围。 PUMA人口以及（c）科罗拉多州前山脉和南加州城市彪马人口的稳态管理。景观基因组学方法将为先进的网络模型提供信息，以确定景观结构和管理行动对宿主连通性，人口统计学以及最终疾病动态的相对重要性。这些致命传播模型将通过佛罗里达黑豹队最近发生的有毒白血病病毒（FELV）的经验数据进行测试。该模型将使用基于致命剂的模型来预测有毒药物的疾病传播，并为控制疾病暴发的管理计划提供信息。这种综合方法为利用复杂的分子和地理空间工具提供了一个基础，以推动模型，以预测和减轻复杂景观中广泛物种的强烈疾病暴发。