Searches for New Physics with Heavy-Flavor Rich Hadronic Final States in the Post-Higgs Era

寻找后希格斯时代具有浓郁强子最终态的新物理学

• 批准号: 1404465
• 负责人: David Miller
• 金额: $ 46.5万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-15 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1404465&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Searches; New; Physics; Heavy; Flavor

Overview: A goal of experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland is to understand the nature of the Higgs Boson, recently discovered there in 2012, and to discover new physics beyond the Standard Model of Elementary Particle Physics. These goals are relevant to the understanding of the Universe at its most fundamental level in the fleeting fraction of a second just after the Big Bang, and to why we see the Universe as we do now. To meet the challenges of this quest, new theories are advanced, new detectors and accelerators are developed and built, and new computing and analytical methodologies are created, all of which have significant broader impact for the training of young scientists in the near term and the advancement of technological benefits to society over the longer term. The next three years represent a transition of the LHC physics program from a collision energy of 8 Teraelectronvole (TeV) data-taking and operation, to extended operations and data taking at nearly double the energy, 13-14 TeV. Over a thousand scientists from the United States are involved with this scientific program on several major experiments.Intellectual Merit: The research to be conducted under this award to Prof Miller of the University of Chicago and his group is aimed to address deep questions about the nature of the Universe from data collected with the ATLAS experiment, one of the major multipurpose detectors at the LHC. Scientific questions addressed include: Is the newly discovered Higgs particle part of a larger theoretical picture that includes new particles that could be discovered at the new higher collision energy? Why is the observed mass of the Higgs boson so low, found to be 126 billion electron volts, or roughly 135 times the mass of the proton? In fact this low mass value is one of the most profound conundrums in all of science and is currently driving much of the scientific discourse in the field of particle physics. What are the detailed properties of the heaviest of the quarks, the top quark, and the force carriers of the electroweak interaction, the W and Z bosons, at high energy? These questions are critical to our understanding of the full context of the Standard Model of particle physics and to new physics that lies beyond the Standard Model. Technically, Miller and his group will be preparing the ATLAS detector, particularly the calorimetry which measures particle energies, for operations at 13-14 TeV. Analytically, they will be refining their physics analyses on the lower energy 8 TeV data in preparation for new measurements and potential discoveries in the high energy collisions. When the high energy data comes in, the group will focus on searches for supersymmetry through the study of heavily boosted top quarks, which could provide information on extended models of Supersymmetry. Such models, if shown to be valid, are theoretically attractive as they can accommodate the observed low value of the Higgs Mass. Broader Impact: Miller and his group will lead activities will directly benefit the local community in Chicago as well as society at large, both by training students (high school, undergraduate, and graduate) and postdocs, and by enhancing the prominence of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) in the community. A special new outreach program will be established with Lane Tech College Prep High School. The proposed activities include directly mentoring and working with Lane Tech students to bring the excitement felt by High Energy Physicists today into the classroom and to truly stimulate the students using modern, high-tech, and real-life projects in science.

概述：瑞士日内瓦州CERN的大型强子对撞机（LHC）实验的目标是了解Higgs Boson的性质，Higgs Boson最近在2012年在那里发现，并在基本粒子物理学的标准模型之外发现了新物理学。 这些目标与大爆炸之后一秒钟短暂的一小部分中对宇宙的理解有关，以及为什么我们像现在这样看到宇宙。 为了应对这一任务的挑战，新的理论是高级的，开发和建造了新的探测器和加速器，并创建了新的计算和分析方法，所有这些方法对在短期内对年轻科学家的培训以及培训都具有更大的影响从长远来看，对社会的技术益处的发展。 接下来的三年代表了LHC物理计划的过渡，从8个Teraelectronvole（TEV）数据获取和操作的碰撞能量到扩展操作和数据的扩展和数据几乎是13-14 TEV的两倍。 来自美国的一千多名科学家参与了几个主要实验的科学计划。智能优点：根据该奖项授予芝加哥大学米勒教授的研究，他的小组旨在解决有关性质的深刻问题。从ATLAS实验收集的数据中，宇宙是LHC的主要多功能检测器之一。 解决的科学问题包括：较大的理论图片的新发现的希格斯粒子是否包括在新的较高碰撞能量中可以发现的新粒子？ 为什么观察到的希格斯玻色子的质量如此低，发现为1.26亿电子伏特，约为质子质量的135倍？ 实际上，这种低质量价值是所有科学中最深刻的难题之一，目前正在推动粒子物理领域的大部分科学话语。 高能以高能量的Quarks，顶部夸克和Electroweak相互作用的Quark和力载体的详细特性是什么？ 这些问题对于我们对粒子物理标准模型的完整背景以及超出标准模型的新物理学的全部背景至关重要。 从技术上讲，米勒和他的小组将准备地图集检测器，尤其是测量粒子能量的量热法，以在13-14 TEV处进行操作。 在分析上，他们将在较低的能量8 TEV数据上进行物理分析，以准备高能碰撞中的新测量和潜在发现。 当高能量数据进来时，该小组将通过研究大量提升的顶级夸克（Top Quarks）的搜索来搜索超对称性，这可以提供有关超对称性模型的扩展模型的信息。 这样的模型，如果证明是有效的，则在理论上具有吸引力，因为它们可以容纳观察到的希格斯群众的低价值。更广泛的影响力。通过培训学生（高中，本科和研究生）和博士后，以及增强社区中科学，技术，工程和数学（STEM）的突出性。 Lane Tech College Prep高中将建立一个特别的新外展计划。 拟议的活动包括直接指导和与车道科技学生合作，以将当今高能量物理学家的兴奋带入课堂，并使用现代，高科技和现实生活中的科学项目真正刺激学生。