Engineering Membrane Platforms Based on Active Transporter Architectures

基于主动转运体架构的工程膜平台

• 批准号: 1403750
• 负责人: Bruce Hinds
• 金额: $ 28.63万
• 依托单位: University of Kentucky Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-01 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1403750&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Engineering; Membrane; Platforms; Based; Active

1403750HindsUniversity of KentuckyCurrent membrane technology is based primarily on pore size and chemical functionality. Naturally occurring protein channels far exceed any man-made engineering pores with selectivities exceeding parts per million and flow rates 10,000 fold faster. The PI proposes to imitate natural protein channel structures and nanometer scale electrode geometries to increase flow. If successful, this could potentially revolutionize membrane function by providing a solution to the long standing trade-off between high chemical selectivity and high processing rate. Two promising material platforms are Carbon Nanotube (CNT) Membranes and nm-scale electrode multilayers on anodized aluminum oxide (AAO). There are three key attributes unique to Carbon Nanotube (CNT) membranes: 1) atomically flat hydrophobic graphitic core that induces a near perfect slip layer for dramatic fluid flow 2) functional chemistry by necessity is at the cut entrances to the CNT cores for gatekeeper activity and 3) CNTs are conductive allowing for electrochemical transformation and application of electric field. Needed is a method to generate fluid flow (with chemical interaction or selectivity) in the entrance to CNT pores and have the plug flow rapidly transfer down the fast CNT core. Electro-osmotic pumping is found to have similar flow enhancements as pressure driven pumping and can accelerate selectively bound species within plug flow Peptide libraries allow the screening of 109 peptide combinations to find highly selective affinity chemistry far beyond what is achieved with simple coordination chemistry. However, strong binding coefficients result in kinetics too slow for monolayer-based pumping cycles. The PIs have found that modest voltages are sufficient to release cationic bound rare-earth ions, from high surface area conductive AAO surface. Multilayer electrodes allow for pumping cycles to direct strong electric fields in a high porosity AAO system. This allows for a very general separation system based on rapid cycles of binding targets to specific peptides at the pore entrances followed by electrostatic release pumping across the membrane. Due to the large breadth of peptide affinity libraries, this concept is applied to a large number of commercially relevant applications in energy storage, energy processing, chemical sensors, selective pharmaceutical separations, drug delivery and water purification. Support of this research area will enable many educational opportunities related to novel nanometer scale materials fabrication, characterization and application into separations science and engineering.

1403750Hinds 肯塔基大学 当前的膜技术主要基于孔径和化学功能。天然存在的蛋白质通道远远超过任何人造工程孔，选择性超过百万分之一，流速快 10,000 倍。 PI 建议模仿天然蛋白质通道结构和纳米级电极几何形状来增加流量。如果成功，这可能会为高化学选择性和高处理速率之间长期存在的权衡提供解决方案，从而彻底改变膜功能。两个有前景的材料平台是碳纳米管 (CNT) 膜和阳极氧化铝 (AAO) 上的纳米级电极多层膜。碳纳米管 (CNT) 膜具有三个独特的关键属性：1) 原子级平坦的疏水性石墨核心，可产生近乎完美的滑移层，实现戏剧性的流体流动 2) 功能化学必然存在于 CNT 核心的切割入口处，以实现把关活动3) CNT 具有导电性，可进行电化学转化和施加电场。需要一种在 CNT 孔入口处产生流体流（具有化学相互作用或选择性）并使活塞流快速沿快速 CNT 核心向下传递的方法。研究发现电渗泵具有与压力驱动泵类似的流动增强作用，并且可以加速塞流内选择性结合的物质。肽库允许筛选 109 种肽组合，以发现远远超出简单配位化学所能实现的高度选择性亲和化学。然而，强结合系数导致动力学对于基于单层的泵送循环来说太慢。 PI 发现，适度的电压足以从高表面积导电 AAO 表面释放阳离子结合的稀土离子。多层电极允许泵循环在高孔隙率 AAO 系统中引导强电场。这使得非常通用的分离系统基于在孔入口处将目标与特定肽结合的快速循环，然后通过膜进行静电释放泵送。由于肽亲和库的范围广泛，这一概念被应用于能量存储、能量处理、化学传感器、选择性药物分离、药物输送和水净化等大量商业相关应用。对这一研究领域的支持将带来许多与新型纳米级材料制造、表征以及分离科学和工程应用相关的教育机会。