Collaborative Research: Characterizing Interactions of Carbon Dioxide with Tailored Adsorbing Materials for Capture of Carbon Dioxide from Power Plant Exhaust Gas and Ambient Air

合作研究：表征二氧化碳与定制吸附材料的相互作用，用于捕获发电厂废气和环境空气中的二氧化碳

• 批准号: 1403239
• 负责人: Christopher Jones
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2018-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1403239&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Characterizing; Interactions; Carbon

Jones / Hayes1403239 / 1403298 Collaborative Research: Characterizing Interactions of Carbon Dioxide with Tailored Adsorbing Materials for Capture of Carbon Dioxide from Power Plant Exhaust Gas and Ambient AirCapturing CO2 from ambient air, or air capture, has significant technical challenges. The concentration of CO2 in air (~ 400 ppm) is far less than the CO2 concentrations in other applications such as post-combustion flue gas treatment. Any air capture process must use minimal amounts of energy, ideally from a distributed renewable source such as solar thermal energy. To apply air capture or conventional Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) on large scales, low cost and highly durable materials are required. Tailored carbon dioxide adsorbents that combine nitrogen-bearing chemicals on solid sponge-like supports are perhaps the only class of adsorbents that might be practical for air capture applications. These materials are also important in CO2 removal from flue gases. These gas separation processes require a material to selectively removes CO2 (leaving other species behind) in the temperature range of 0-65 C, and in an environment where water is ubiquitous. Under these conditions, many types of adsorbents can be effectively ruled out. Some (physisorbents) will not effectively adsorb CO2 under these conditions because water competes with the carbon dioxide for sites within the material. Some other chemical types (chemisorbents) require high temperature operating conditions. In contrast,the PIs propose to use supported amines to adsorb large volumes of CO2. The amines are also selective for CO2. Even when the carbon dioxide is fairly dilute, as in air, these materials are able to withdraw the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Thus, the proposed work here focuses on fundamental characterization of connections between CO2 and the specialized adsorbents, targeted towards conventional CCUS. The purpose of the proposed work is to provide a comprehensive study of specialized solid amine adsorbents in cycles of carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption relevant to CO2 capture from industrial emissions like power plant flue gas and ambient air. The work will bring together traditional adsorption/desorption studies with structural characterization techniques applied to these materials, coupled with computational studies. A particularly innovative aspect will be the application of three different in-situ spectroscopic techniques, infrared, Raman, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to probe the structure of the CO2 as it adsorbs to the surface of the specialized amine adsorbent. A cost-effective technology that could capture carbon dioxide (CO2) from ambient air could minimize the problems associated with transporting large volumes of CO2 from point source emitters (e.g. coal-fired power plants) to sites suitable for geological sequestration. Unlike conventional Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) from large power plant exhaust gases, which can at best slow the rate of increase of the atmospheric CO2 concentration, direct air capture, if widely adopted, can reduce the atmospheric CO2 level. This technology can impact distributed emissions sources (e.g. vehicles) that are currently beyond the reach of carbon capture technologies. The fundamental scientific investigations will provide new insights that will impact a wide array of CO2 adsorption technologies, including post-combustion CO2 capture, the direct extraction of CO2 from ambient air, purification of natural gas streams, and adsorption of CO2 on similar nitrogen-bearing materials for catalysis. The collaborative project engages scientists from two disciplines, (i) chemical and biomolecular engineering and (ii) chemistry and biochemistry, with student exchanges and collaboration fostering communication across the boundaries of science and engineering. The project also has significant potential to impact groups that are historically under-represented in science and engineering. PIs will actively recruit under-represented students to take part in this research, engaging Georgia Tech programs such as the Summer Undergraduate Research in Engineering (SURE) program. Additionally, the Institute for School Partnership (ISP) at Washington University will engage secondary school teachers and teach them about CCUS.

Jones / hayes1403239 / 1403298合作研究：表征二氧化碳与量身定制的吸附材料的相互作用，用于从电厂的排气气和环境空气中的环境空气中捕获二氧化碳，或空气捕获的环境空气驾驶CO2。在空气中的二氧化碳浓度（〜400 ppm）远低于其他应用中的二氧化碳浓度，例如燃烧后烟气处理。任何空气捕获过程都必须使用最少的能量，理想情况下，来自太阳能热能等分布式可再生能源。要在大尺度上应用空气捕获或常规的碳捕获利用率和存储（CCU），需要低成本和高度耐用的材料。量身定制的二氧化碳吸附剂在固体海绵样载体上结合含氮化学物质，也许是唯一对于空气捕获应用而实用的吸附剂类。这些材料对于从烟道气中去除二氧化碳也很重要。这些气体分离过程需要一种材料在0-65 C的温度范围内选择性地去除二氧化碳（留下其他物种），并且在无处不在的环境中。在这些条件下，可以有效排除许多类型的吸附剂。在这些条件下，某些（物理学）不会有效地吸附CO2，因为水与材料中的二氧化碳竞争。其他一些化学类型（化学吸附剂）需要高温工作条件。相比之下，PI提议使用支持的胺吸附大量CO2。胺也对CO2有选择性。即使二氧化碳相当稀释，这些材料也能够从大气中撤出二氧化碳。因此，这里提出的工作着重于二氧化碳与专门吸附剂之间的连接的基本表征，该连接针对常规CCU。拟议的工作的目的是对二氧化碳吸附碳循环中的专业固体吸附剂进行全面研究，并从工业排放中捕获二氧化碳吸附和解吸，例如发电厂烟气和环境空气。这项工作将通过适用于这些材料的结构表征技术将传统的吸附/解吸研究汇集在一起​​，并结合计算研究。一个特别创新的方面将是将三种不同的原位光谱技术，红外，拉曼和核磁共振光谱应用于探测二氧化碳的结构，因为它吸附到专门的胺吸附剂的表面上。一种具有成本效益的技术，可以从周围空气中捕获二氧化碳（CO2），这可以最大程度地减少与从点源发射器（例如燃煤发电厂）运输大量CO2相关的问题，以适用于适合地质隔离的地点。与大型电厂废气的常规碳捕获利用和储存（CCU）不同，这最多可以减慢大气二氧化碳浓度的增加速度，如果采用广泛采用，则直接捕获可以降低大气中的二氧化碳水平。该技术可能会影响目前超出碳捕获技术范围的分布式排放源（例如车辆）。基本的科学研究将提供新的见解，这些见解将影响广泛的CO2吸附技术，包括燃烧后CO2捕获，从环境空气中直接提取CO2，天然气流的纯化以及CO2在类似的氮气含量材料上的吸附。该协作项目与两个学科的科学家（i）化学和生物分子工程以及（ii）化学和生物化学的科学家与学生交流以及协作促进了跨科学和工程界限的交流。该项目还具有影响科学和工程中代表性不足的群体的巨大潜力。 PIS将积极招募人数不足的学生参加这项研究，以吸引佐治亚州技术计划，例如夏季工程大学的本科研究（ARE）计划。此外，华盛顿大学的学校合作伙伴关系研究所（ISP）将与中学教师交往，并教他们有关CCUS的知识。