COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Particle-mediated enhanced transport of semi-volatile organic compounds in indoor environments

合作研究：颗粒介导增强室内环境中半挥发性有机化合物的运输

• 批准号: 1335722
• 负责人: John Little
• 金额: $ 8万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1335722&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: COLLABORATIVE; RESEARCH; Particle; mediated; enhanced

CBET 1336807/1335722/1336202Glenn Morrison/Jennifer Benning/John LittleMissouri University of Science & Technology/So Dak School of Mines/ Tech/VA Polytechnic Inst & St. Univ.Occupants of buildings are exposed to toxic chemicals from the vast number of modern building products and furnishings that continuously release these compounds. Occupants absorb semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) such as plasticizers, pesticides, flame-retardants, and others through inhaling, eating, drinking and even by absorbing them through the skin. The presence of airborne particles in the indoor environment from smog, cooking, smoking and other sources may dramatically increase dermal absorption for these compounds. This research will test the hypothesis that airborne particles increase chemical emission rates from sources of SVOCs and deposition of these chemicals onto surfaces such as skin and clothing by altering the way these chemicals are transported from surface-to-surface. A theoretical model of this system predicts as much as a 10-fold increase in the rate of transport from indoor surfaces and materials to occupants, thereby increasing inhalation and dermal (skin) dose. This occurs because particles can absorb and release very large amounts of SVOCs as they move in and out of regions near surfaces. The proposed research will carefully combine experimental quantification of relevant parameters (partition and transport phenomena) with model analysis. Under realistic environmental conditions, organic and salt particles will be equilibrated with a pure SVOC (phthalate esters, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls) and the gas-phase deposition rates will be measured for flat plate and tubular geometries. The results will be used to test theoretical models of particle-mediated enhanced emissions and uptake. Further, experimental results and mass-transfer models will be integrated into indoor air quality models to improve predictions of exposure, dose and risk to indoor sources of SVOCs. The research team will integrate undergraduate and graduate students in field collection of samples, model analysis and exposure predictions. Their experiences will inform the development of a student-vetted educational module on SVOCs which will be disseminated through the Association for Environmental Engineering and Science Professors.Building occupants can absorb toxic plasticizers, pesticides, flame-retardants, and others chemicals through inhalation, consumption of food and beverages, and even absorption through the skin. This research examines the extent to which airborne particles in the indoor environment from smog, cooking, smoking and other sources may dramatically increase absorption for these compounds. Although this possibility has been predicted by a recent theoretical model, this project will be the first to test the model experimentally and under real-world conditions. This new knowledge will provide health professionals with tools to better understand and predict exposure and risk associated with low-volatility chemicals in a wide range of environmental scenarios. The results will help to better understand and mitigate the health risks of high-particulate environments that result from activities such as smoking and cooking. The research will also help manufacturers reformulate products such as building materials by identifying those chemicals that should be avoided.

CBET 1336807/1335722/1336202Glenn Morrison/Jennifer Benning/John LittleMissouri University of Science & Technology/So Dak School of Mines/ Tech/VA Polytechnic Inst & St. Univ.Occupants of buildings are exposed to toxic chemicals from the vast number of modern building products and furnishings that continuously release these compounds.乘员通过吸入，进食，饮用，甚至通过使它们在皮肤中吸收，吸收了半挥发性有机化合物（SVOC），例如增塑剂，农药，阻燃剂和其他人。由于烟雾，烹饪，吸烟和其他来源，在室内环境中存在空中颗粒，可能会大大增加这些化合物的皮肤吸收。这项研究将检验以下假设：空气传播颗粒通过改变这些化学物质从地表到表面运输的方式来增加SVOC源的化学排放速率，并将这些化学物质沉积到皮肤（例如皮肤和衣服）上。该系统的理论模型预测，从室内表面和材料到居住者的运输速率增加了10倍，从而增加了吸入和皮肤（皮肤）剂量。之所以发生这种情况，是因为粒子可以吸收并释放大量的SVOC，因为它们进出表面附近的区域。 拟议的研究将仔细结合相关参数（分区和运输现象）的实验量化与模型分析。在逼真的环境条件下，有机和盐颗粒将用纯SVOC（邻苯二甲酸酯，多溴二苯基醚，多氯化的双苯基）进行平衡，并将测量用于平板和管状几何形状的气相沉积速率。结果将用于测试粒子介导的增强排放和吸收的理论模型。此外，实验结果和质量转移模型将集成到室内空气质量模型中，以改善对SVOC的暴露，剂量和风险的预测。研究团队将将本科生和研究生整合到样本的现场收集，模型分析和暴露预测。他们的经验将为学生访问的SVOC的教育模块的发展提供信息，该模块将通过环境工程和科学教授协会进行分散。建造乘员可以通过吸入，食物和葡萄酒以及通过皮肤吸收，消费，食用，饮料，饮食，饮食，饮食，饮食，饮食以及皮肤来吸收有毒的增塑剂，农药，害虫和其他化学物质。这项研究研究了烟雾，烹饪，吸烟和其他来源在室内环境中的空气中颗粒可能会大大增加这些化合物的吸收。尽管最近的理论模型已经预测了这种可能性，但该项目将是第一个在实验和现实情况下测试模型的项目。这些新知识将为卫生专业人员提供工具，以更好地理解和预测与低挥发性化学物质相关的暴露和风险。结果将有助于更好地理解和减轻由吸烟和烹饪等活动产生的高局部环境的健康风险。该研究还将通过识别应避免的化学物质来帮助制造商重新制定产品，例如建筑材料。