Developing Barrier Layers to Minimize Volatile Emissions from Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs)

开发阻挡层以最大限度地减少结构绝缘板 (SIP) 的挥发性排放

• 批准号: 0600090
• 负责人: John Little
• 金额: $ 37.5万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0600090&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Developing; Barrier; Layers; Minimize; Volatile

Developing Barrier Layers To Minimize Volatile Emissions From Structural Insulated PanelsJohn C. LittleDepartment of Civil and Environmental EngineeringVirginia TechEva MarandDepartment of Chemical EngineeringVirginia TechThe most common Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) configuration uses oriented strand board (OSB) and expanded polystyrene foam (PSF) in a multi-layer, sandwich-like structure. SIPs have the potential to radically improve the quality, durability, energy efficiency, environmental performance, and affordability of housing. Despite these impressive benefits, degradation of indoor air quality is a negative consequence of using engineered wood products to create tighter building envelopes. For this reason, we will develop and deploy nanocomposite clay/polyurethane barrier layers to significantly reduce, or perhaps even eliminate, emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from SIPs into indoor air. VOC diffusion barriers have never been used in building materials, but the approach holds considerable promise because polyurethanes can be tailored to give a diverse range of products such as foams, coatings, adhesives, rubbers or thermoplastic elastomers. By significantly reducing VOC emissions from SIPs, we will eliminate the primary environmental drawback of an otherwise exceptionally attractive building technology. The ability to understand, predict and consequently minimize the negative impact of SIPs and other building materials on indoor air quality will be extremely valuable. We have demonstrated that emissions of VOCs from several single-layer material systems can be predicted using a mathematical model, and will now employ an analogous fundamental approach to develop and validate a multi-layer model that can be used to predict emissions from SIPs. The model will include a non-linear sorption and porous diffusion model that accounts for migration of polar VOCs such as hexanal, as well as a model that accounts for for hindered diffusion in the nanocomposite barrier layers. If the proposed nanocomposite barrier layers are proven to work in SIPs, they can be applied to reduce emissions from many other consumer products and building materials. The ability to reduce or even eliminate indoor air contaminants at the source will revolutionize the indoor air field allowing fresher, healthier and more productive indoor environments, while at the same time lowering energy consumption by enabling tighter "energy-saving" building envelopes.

开发屏障层以最大程度地减少结构绝缘板约翰·C·索引的挥发性排放。 SIP有可能从根本上提高质量，耐用性，能源效率，环境绩效和住房负担能力。 尽管有这些令人印象深刻的好处，但室内空气质量的退化是使用工程木材产品创建更紧密的建筑信封的负面影响。 因此，我们将开发和部署纳米复合粘土/聚氨酯屏障层，以显着减少甚至消除从SIPS中挥发性有机化合物（VOC）从SIPS中排放到室内空气中。 VOC扩散屏障从未在建筑材料中使用，但是该方法具有相当大的希望，因为可以对聚氨酯进行量身定制的产品，以提供各种产品，例如泡沫，涂料，胶粘剂，胶粘剂，橡胶或热塑性弹性体。 通过大大减少SIP的VOC排放，我们将消除原本具有极具吸引力的建筑技术的主要环境缺点。 理解，预测并因此最大程度地减少SIP和其他建筑材料对室内空气质量的负面影响的能力将非常有价值。 我们已经证明，可以使用数学模型来预测来自几个单层材料系统的VOC的排放，现在将采用类似的基本方法来开发和验证可用于预测SIPS排放的多层模型。 该模型将包括一个非线性吸附和多孔扩散模型，该模型解释了诸如六角形之类的极性VOC的迁移，以及一个解释纳米复合屏障层中阻碍扩散的模型。 如果证明提出的纳米复合屏障层在SIP中起作用，则可以应用它们来减少许多其他消费产品和建筑材料的排放。 在源头上减少甚至消除室内空气污染物的能力将彻底改变室内空气场，从而使更新鲜，更健康，更有生产力的室内环境，同时通过实现更紧密的“节能”建筑封装来降低能源消耗。