Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant-Trade and Social Boundaries During the Late Neolithic on the Great Hungarian Plain

博士论文改进赠款——匈牙利大平原新石器时代晚期的贸易和社会边界

基本信息

批准号：
1312027
负责人：
William Parkinson
金额：
$ 2.13万
依托单位：
Field Museum of Natural History
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-04-01 至 2015-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1312027&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant Trade

项目摘要

Social and cultural boundaries are highly contested and constantly changing. They do not always correlate with political boundaries (e.g., the social boundaries of former Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, and Romania often cross-cut political demarcations), thus making the study of early social boundaries imperative for scholars to understand the modern developments in the region. With the support of her advisor, Dr. William Parkinson, graduate student Danielle Riebe will conduct research on the relationship between boundaries and interaction during the Late Neolithic (5000-4500 BCE) on the Great Hungarian Plain. Archaeologists often cite interactions between people as a trigger for emergent social complexity as seen through the dissemination of ideas and technology and the spread of agriculture and animal domestication. The Plain offers an ideal location to investigate how interaction, specifically trade, impacts the formation, alteration, and destruction of social and cultural boundaries by focusing on two archaeologically defined groups, the Tisza and Herpály. In an area that is environmentally homogenous, these groups emerged in the archaeological record at the beginning of the Late Neolithic and are differentiated by very distinct material culture, including ceramics and chipped-stone tools. As people trade these materials, their ideas, traditions, techniques, and social practices are diffused at the same time. Analytical techniques, including laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), will be used to assess the composition of ceramic and chipped-stone material in order to model raw material provenience in relation to depositional context. By analyzing how objects are created, where they are constructed, and how they are circulated after production, Ms. Riebe will explore how communities on the Plain differentiated themselves and their neighbors. In addition to investigating theoretical issues concerning the role of interaction in social developments, this project also makes intellectual contributions to the field of anthropology by challenging how cultural boundaries are delineated. Traditionally, boundaries are demarcated based on the identification of similar or dissimilar cultural material. However, this simplistic approach does not account for how boundaries persist in spite of trade, suggesting that more attention be given to the reconstruction of interactions between peoples in order to understand the relationship between regional interactions and the process of boundary formation.This dissertation will contribute to a broader impact by promoting international collaboration between U.S. and Hungarian citizens and scholars, in the study of prehistoric boundaries and social change. Findings will be made available to academics and the public through public lectures, presentations at conferences, peer-reviewed articles and a monograph. All of the findings and interpretations from this project will be included in Ms. Riebe's dissertation, and copies of the dissertation will be provided to all participating institutions. Funding for this project will allow Ms. Riebe to utilize the skills and experiences that she has acquired during her academic training to produce a dissertation that is both anthropologically illuminating and progressive, and that advances the field of anthropology, our knowledge of prehistoric Eastern Europe, and our understanding of socio-political developments in the modern world.

社会和文化边界备受争议且不断变化，它们并不总是与政治边界相关（例如，前南斯拉夫、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、匈牙利和罗马尼亚的社会边界常常是交叉的政治边界），因此对社会和文化边界的研究常常是交叉的。早期的社会边界对于学者们了解该地区的现代发展至关重要。在她的导师威廉·帕金森博士的支持下，研究生丹妮尔·里贝将研究新石器时代晚期边界与互动之间的关系。（公元前 5000-4500 年）考古学家经常将人与人之间的互动视为社会复杂性的触发因素，从思想和技术的传播以及农业和动物驯化的传播来看，该平原提供了理想的场所。通过关注考古学上定义的两个群体——蒂萨人和赫帕利人，研究互动（特别是贸易）如何影响社会和文化边界的形成、改变和破坏。这些群体出现在新石器时代晚期初期的考古记录中，并因非常独特的物质文化而有所不同，包括陶瓷和石制工具。随着人们交易这些材料，他们的思想、传统、技术和社会实践在当地传播开来。同时，包括激光烧蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱 (LA-ICP-MS) 在内的分析技术将用于评估陶瓷和碎石材料的成分，以便模拟与相关的原材料来源。通过分析物体的创造方式、建造地点以及生产后的销毁方式，里贝女士除了研究有关互动作用的理论问题外，还将探讨平原上的社区如何区分自己和邻居。然而，随着社会的发展，该项目还通过挑战文化边界的划分方式，为人类学领域做出了智力贡献。传统上，边界是根据相似或不相似的文化材料的识别来划分的。这种简单化的方法并没有考虑边界如何持续存在。在尽管有贸易，建议更多地关注重建人民之间的互动，以了解区域互动和边界形成过程之间的关系。本论文将通过促进美国和匈牙利公民之间的国际合作来产生更广泛的影响史前边界和社会变迁的研究结果将通过公开讲座、会议演讲、同行评审文章和专着向学者和公众公布。包含在Riebe 女士的论文及其副本将提供给所有参与机构。该项目的资助将使 Riebe 女士能够利用她在学术培训中获得的技能和经验来撰写一篇具有人类学启发性的论文。进步的，这推进了人类学领域、我们对史前东欧的了解以及我们对现代世界社会政治发展的理解。