Gravity Waves above Deep Convective Storms: Dynamics and Impacts

深对流风暴上方的重力波：动力学和影响

基本信息

批准号：
1318932
负责人：
M Joan Alexander
金额：
$ 46.46万
依托单位：
NorthWest Research Associates, Incorporated
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-08-15 至 2016-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1318932&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Gravity Waves above Deep Convective

项目摘要

This project will examine characteristics of gravity waves above convective storms and their relationships to fine-scale spatial and temporal variations in associated precipitation, with an ultimate goal of improved understanding of the effects of gravity waves generated by convection upon global climate via their influence on the general atmospheric circulation. In global models, gravity waves drive circulation changes in the stratosphere that can affect climate, particularly on seasonal and regional scales. A hierarchy of tools will be utilized, including full-physics cloud-resolving weather research models as well as simpler one-dimensional wave propagation models (parameterizations). Results from the observationally-validated cloud-resolving models will be distilled to simplified relationships and linked to current physical process parameterizations within climate models. Specific objectives of the effort will include: Prediction of where convectively-generated waves will propagate, break, and drive changes in the wind; estimation of diurnal and seasonal variations in the spectrum of waves generated by convection over the continental U.S. by utilizing the dense network of precipitation radar observations and validated weather model studies; testing and improving a state-of-the-art parameterization of these waves generated by convection; and evaluations of indicated improvements in climate model runs. Broader impacts of this effort will include training of a female graduate student for a research career in dynamic meteorology or related atmospheric/climate science, as well as potential benefits to human safety via improved understanding and potential for improved prediction of thunderstorm-generated gravity waves and associated clear-air turbulence as well as broader weather and climate patterns.

该项目将研究对流风暴上方的重力波特征及其与相关降水的细尺度时空变化的关系，最终目标是通过对流产生的重力波对全球气候的影响，更好地了解其对全球气候的影响。一般大气环流。在全球模型中，重力波驱动平流层的环流变化，从而影响气候，特别是在季节性和区域尺度上。将使用一系列工具，包括全物理云解析天气研究模型以及更简单的一维波传播模型（参数化）。经过观测验证的云解析模型的结果将被提炼为简化的关系，并与气候模型中当前的物理过程参数化相关联。这项工作的具体目标包括：预测对流产生的波浪将在何处传播、破裂和驱动风的变化；利用密集的降水雷达观测网络和经过验证的天气模型研究，估计美国大陆上空对流产生的波谱的日间和季节变化；测试和改进对流产生的这些波的最先进的参数化；以及对气候模型运行中所示改进的评估。这项工作的更广泛影响将包括培训一名女研究生从事动态气象学或相关大气/气候科学的研究职业，以及通过提高对雷暴产生的重力波和预测的了解和改进对人类安全的潜在好处。相关的晴空湍流以及更广泛的天气和气候模式。