NEESR-CR: NEESsoft-Seismic Risk Reduction for Soft-Story, Wood frame Buildings

NEESR-CR：NEESsoft-软层木框架建筑地震风险降低

• 批准号: 1314957
• 负责人: John van de Lindt
• 金额: $ 67.94万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-15 至 2014-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1314957&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NEESR; CR; NEESsoft; Seismic; Risk

This award is an outcome of the NSF 09-524 program solicitation, "George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) Research (NEESR)," competition and includes the Colorado State University (lead institution) with Clemson University, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Western Michigan University, California Polytechnic Institute-Pomona, and the University at Buffalo, State University of New York (SUNY). This award will utilize the NEES facilities at the University at Buffalo, SUNY, and University of California, San Diego (UCSD). As early as 1970, the structural engineering and building safety community recognized that a large number of two-, three- and even some four-story wood frame buildings designed with the first floor used either for parking or commercial space were built with readily identifiable structural system deficiencies, referred to as a "soft story." Thus, many older multi-story, wood frame buildings (built prior to 1970s) are susceptible to collapse at the first story during earthquakes. The majority of these older multi-story, wood frame buildings have large openings and few partition walls at the ground level. This open space condition results in the earthquake resistance of the first story being significantly lower than the upper stories. These buildings, known as soft-story buildings, are prone to collapse during major earthquake events. The result of the soft-story response, as was observed after the 1989 Loma Prieta, CA and, particularly, the 1994 Northridge, CA earthquakes, is the destruction of property and in some cases loss of life. Most cities and counties recognize this as a disaster preparedness problem and have been actively developing various ordinances and mitigation plans to address this threat. Some of the most visible efforts are taking place in San Francisco, Los Angeles, San Jose, and other major metropolitan high earthquake hazard areas. In 2008, the San Francisco Department of Building Inspection and the Applied Technology Council (ATC) initiated the Community Action Plan for Seismic Safety (CAPSS) project with the main goal of identifying possible action plans for reducing earthquake risks in existing buildings. According to the CAPSS study, 43 to 80 percent of the multi-story, wood frame buildings will be deemed unsafe after a magnitude 7.2 earthquake and a quarter of these buildings would be expected to collapse. However, the mechanism that induces collapse of such buildings is not well understood.Intellectual Merit: The NEESsoft project will (1) enable seismic retrofit of soft-story, wood frame buildings based on performance, (2) experimentally validate recently proposed concepts in for retrofit of soft-story, wood frame buildings, and (3) provide a fundamental understanding of the way wood frame buildings collapse through a systematic experimental program consisting of three major test types at two NEES facilities. The NEESsoft project will begin with simultaneous development of a 3-D numerical collapse model while the testing program will (1) confirm the performance of seismic protective systems for retrofit of soft-story, wood frame buildings and (2) experimentally validate a retrofit procedure developed through the ATC 71.1 project entitled "Development of Simplified Guidance for Seismic Rehabilitation of Soft-Story Wood-Frame Buildings." Finally, both the ATC 71.1 retrofit technique and a performance-based retrofit technique that utilizes seismic protection devices will be tested at full-scale in a series of shake table tests at the NEES outdoor shake table facility at UCSD. In the final test, the retrofit will be removed and the building will be allowed to collapse in a controlled manner to provide one of the first collapse data sets for wood frame buildings, thus providing critical information for understanding this complex problem. The intellectual merit of the NEESsoft project is that it will (1) improve the fundamental understanding of collapse mechanisms in wood frame buildings, (2) improve seismic numerical modeling including collapse modeling of wood frame buildings, (3) provide a performance-based approach and guidelines for retrofit of soft-story, wood frame buildings using seismic protection devices, and (4) enable a more accurate calculation of the margin against collapse for design code development.Broader Impacts: The innovation proposed within NEESsoft for engineering education is to integrate the seismic portion of the virtual learning environment being developed within the Wood Education Institute (WEI) into the NEEShub virtual environment under development by NEEScomm, who heads NEES Operations at Purdue University. This will provide educational broader impact by changing the way seismic wood education is delivered and learned. The societal broader impact lies in the experimental validation, and likely enhancement, of the ATC 71.1 retrofit procedures for soft-story, wood frame buildings by providing performance-based retrofit options for these types of buildings to better protect the occupants and mitigate losses. Data from this project will be archived and made available to the public through the NEES data repository. This award is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP).

该奖项是NSF 09-524计划征集的结果，“ George E. Brown，Jr。Jr.地震工程模拟网络（NEES）研究（NEESR），“竞争”，包括与克莱姆森大学（Clemson University），科罗拉多大学（Coloradson University），科罗拉多大学（Coloradson University），科罗拉多大学（Colordect） （SUNY）。 该奖项将利用纽约州布法罗大学大学的NEES设施和加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校（UCSD）。 早在1970年，结构工程和建筑安全社区就认识到，大量的两层，三层甚至是一些四层楼的木制框架建筑物设计，该建筑设计的一楼用于停车场或商业空间，构建了易于识别的结构系统缺陷，称为“软故事”。 因此，许多较旧的多层木制框架建筑（1970年代之前建造）容易在地震期间的第一个故事中崩溃。 这些较旧的多层木制框架建筑物中的大多数在地面上都有较大的开口，几乎没有隔板墙。这种开放空间条件导致第一个故事的地震抵抗力明显低于上层故事。这些被称为软故事的建筑物在重大地震事件中容易倒塌。在1989年加利福尼亚州洛马·普埃塔（Loma Prieta），特别是1994年的加利福尼亚州诺斯里奇（Northridge）地震之后观察到的软故事反应的结果是对财产的破坏，在某些情况下是生命的丧失。大多数城市和县都认为这是一个灾难的问题，并且一直在积极制定各种条例和缓解计划来应对这一威胁。一些最明显的努力是在旧金山，洛杉矶，圣何塞和其他主要大都市高地震危险区域进行。 2008年，旧金山建筑检查部和应用技术委员会（ATC）启动了社区地震安全行动计划（CAPSS）项目，其主要目标是确定可能降低现有建筑物地震风险的行动计划。根据CAPSS的研究，在7.2级地震和四分之一的这些建筑物中，有43％至80％的多层型木框建筑物将被视为不安全。 然而，尚不能够充分理解引起这种建筑物崩溃的机制。两种NEES设施的类型。 The NEESsoft project will begin with simultaneous development of a 3-D numerical collapse model while the testing program will (1) confirm the performance of seismic protective systems for retrofit of soft-story, wood frame buildings and (2) experimentally validate a retrofit procedure developed through the ATC 71.1 project entitled "Development of Simplified Guidance for Seismic Rehabilitation of Soft-Story Wood-Frame Buildings." 最后，在UCSD的NEES户外摇桌设施的一系列摇桌测试中，将在全面测试ATC 71.1改造技术和利用地震保护设备的基于性能的改造技术。 在最终测试中，将删除改造，并允许建筑物以受控的方式崩​​溃，以提供木框建筑物的第一个倒塌数据集之一，从而为理解这一复杂问题提供关键信息。 Neessoft项目的智力优点是，它将（1）提高对木框建筑物中塌陷机制的基本理解，（2）改善地震数值建模，包括木框建筑的塌陷建模，（3）提供基于性能的方法和一种基于性能的木材框架改造的基于性能的方法，并使用固定的木框建筑物进行构图，并违反了（4）的指定，并准确地定制了（4），并且（4）开发。BROADER的影响：Neessoft内部为工程教育提出的创新是将木材教育学院（WEI）内开发的虚拟学习环境的地震部分整合到Neescomm正在开发的Neeshub虚拟环境中，Neescomm负责Purdue University的NEES运营。通过改变地震木教育的交付和学习方式，这将带来更广泛的影响。 社会更广泛的影响在于ATC 71.1改造程序的实验验证，并可能增强，用于软故事，木框建筑物的改造程序，通过为这些类型的建筑物提供基于绩效的改造选项，以更好地保护乘员并减轻损失。 该项目的数据将通过NEES数据存储库进行存档并提供给公众。 该奖项是国家地震危害计划（NEHRP）的一部分。