Optrode array for optical neural stimulation and recording

用于光学神经刺激和记录的光极阵列

• 批准号: 1310654
• 负责人: Steven Blair
• 金额: $ 18万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1310654&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Optrode; array; optical; neural; stimulation

Optical methods are becoming established in the fields of neuroscience, medical imaging and diagnostics, etc. Optogenetics, for example, despite being a nascent field of study, has been named the Method of the Year 2010 by Nature Methods. We propose to develop and test a novel device structure to facilitate three-dimensional deep-tissue light penetration and collection with capabilities for simultaneous spatiotemporal modulation of different wavelenghts to advance a broad range of applications in optical neural stimulation and recording. A 3D optrode array consisting of optically transparent needles can penetrate 1 mm directly into tissue, thereby creating multiple independent paths for light propagation that avoid attenuation due to tissue absorption and scattering. We will develop SiO2 arrays suitable for visible and even NIR applications. The intellectual merits of this research lie in the addressing the barrier for nearly all modes of optical excitation where penetration depth is determined by optrode length, not by wavelength. We propose to leverage off of the extensive body of microfabrication methods developed for penetrating electrodes to achieve the same advantages for optical delivery and reception as compared to external approaches. Broader Impact: Multiple, broadly enabling, and potentially transformative, impacts may emerge from this work. Although our focus is on optogenetic neural stimulation and recording, optrode array devices have application in basic neuroscience research, highly selective photodynamic therapy, and deep tissue imaging for diagnostics and therapy. From an applied neuroscience and neuroengineering perspective, the optrode array device will facilitate deeper access into neural tissue, such as axon bundles within the fasicles of central or peripheral nerves. Deeper access across multiple stimulation/recording sites may enable restoration of lost motor or sensory function after nervous system disorders or disease. Potential representative applications, among many, include restoration of hand grasp or stance after paralysis, and restoration of cutaneous and proprioceptive sensory feedback after limb loss. From an educational perspective, the inherently interdisciplinary and interactive nature of the proposed research will provide unique opportunities for training in biophotonics, microfabrication, neuroengineering, and basic neuroscience, and will interact synergistically with ongoing major research and educational initiatives at the University of Utah. From diversity and outreach perspectives, the established success of the Bioengineering Department (of which the PI is an adjunct-faculty member, and the co-PI a tenure-track member) in attracting and mentoring female engineers, along with recently enhanced College- and University-wide outreach and recruitment efforts, will help bring underrepresented populations into the emerging neuro-engineering growth area.

光学方法已在神经科学，医学成像和诊​​断等领域中建立。例如，尽管是一种新生的研究领域，但通过自然方法，光遗传学已被称为2010年度的方法。我们建议开发和测试一种新型的设备结构，以促进三维深度组织光穿透和收集，并具有同时对不同wavelenghts的时空调制，以推动在光学神经刺激和记录中的广泛应用。由光学上透明针组成的3D开孔阵列可以将1 mm直接穿透到组织中，从而形成多个独立的光传播路径，以避免由于组织吸收和散射而导致的衰减。我们将开发适合可见甚至NIR应用的SIO2阵列。这项研究的智力优点在于，几乎所有光激发模式的障碍物都解决了渗透深度由Optrode长度确定的，而不是通过波长确定。我们建议利用用于穿透电极开发的广泛的微加工方法，以实现与外部方法相比，获得光学递送和接收的相同优势。更广泛的影响：多种，广泛的实现和潜在的变革性影响可能会从这项工作中产生。尽管我们的重点是光遗传学神经刺激和记录，但Optrode阵列设备在基本的神经科学研究，高度选择性的光动力疗法和深层组织成像中都有应用，以进行诊断和治疗。从应用的神经科学和神经工程学的角度来看，Optrode阵列设备将有助于更深入地进入神经组织，例如中央神经或外围神经的囊泡中的轴突束。在多个刺激/记录部位进行更深入的访问可能会使神经系统疾病或疾病后恢复失去的运动或感觉功能。潜在的代表性应用包括瘫痪后手动抓握或立场的恢复，以及肢体丧失后皮肤和本体感受的感觉反馈的恢复。从教育的角度来看，拟议研究的固有跨学科和互动性质将为生物培训，微型制作，神经工程和基本神经科学的培训提供独特的机会，并将与犹他大学的持续的重大研究和教育计划保持协同互动。 From diversity and outreach perspectives, the established success of the Bioengineering Department (of which the PI is an adjunct-faculty member, and the co-PI a tenure-track member) in attracting and mentoring female engineers, along with recently enhanced College- and University-wide outreach and recruitment efforts, will help bring underrepresented populations into the emerging neuro-engineering growth area.