RAPID: Using a drought-enhanced nitrate pulse to understand stream N retention and processing

RAPID：使用干旱增强的硝酸盐脉冲来了解河流氮的保留和处理

• 批准号: 1263559
• 负责人: Amy Burgin
• 金额: $ 19.76万
• 依托单位: University of Nebraska-Lincoln
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-11-01 至 2014-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1263559&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Using; drought; enhanced; nitrate

Nitrogen addition is a cornerstone of modern agriculture, but fertilization has impacted inland and coastal waters by increasing nitrogen concentrations, supporting excessive growth of aquatic plants, reducing oxygen concentrations, and triggering harmful algal blooms. Because of extreme drought in 2012, Midwestern soils have accumulated nitrogen that is expected to be driven into river networks by late summer or fall precipitation. This anticipated landscape-wide nitrogen pulse offers an immediate and unparalleled opportunity to record how nitrogen enters streams, and to quantify the transport, attenuation, and fate of nitrogen as it moves through stream networks. An existing stream monitoring network will be expanded and used to collect water samples during and after major precipitation events in fall 2012, taking advantage of a short-term opportunity to characterize nitrogen movement and processing in an agricultural landscape.Unintended consequences of fertilization are an increasingly important issue for resource managers. This project will add to our understanding of how nitrogen moves from agricultural lands into and through stream networks, and it will do so under climate conditions that are expected to be more common in the coming decades. Additionally, this project will support five early career scientists and a collaboration between the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the University of Iowa, and Coe College. Inclusion of Coe College will provide opportunities for undergraduate research and mentoring of undergraduate students by faculty and graduate students.

氮添加是现代农业的基石，但是受精通过增加氮浓度，支持水生植物的过度生长，降低氧气浓度并触发有害的藻类开花，从而影响了内陆和沿海水域。由于2012年的极端干旱，中西部土壤积累了氮，预计将在夏末或秋季降水中驱动到河网络。这种预期的全氮脉冲提供了一个直接且无与伦比的机会，可以记录氮进入溪流的方式，并在氮通过流网络移动时量化氮的运输，衰减和命运。现有的溪流监测网络将在2012年秋季进行重大降水事件期间和之后扩展并用于收集水样，利用短期机会来表征农业景观中的氮气运动和加工。资源经理的重要问题。该项目将增加我们对氮如何从农业土地转移到溪流网络的理解，并且在未来几十年中预计会更普遍的气候条件下，它将这样做。此外，该项目将支持内布拉斯加大学，爱荷华大学和COE学院之间的五位早期职业科学家和合作。包括COE学院将为本科研究和教师和研究生的本科生指导提供机会。