COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: THE PHYLOGENY AND EVOLUTION OF WORLD TACHINIDAE (DIPTERA)

合作研究：世界寄蝇科（双翅目）的系统发育和进化

• 批准号: 1146290
• 负责人: John Moulton
• 金额: $ 19万
• 依托单位: University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-02-15 至 2017-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1146290&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: COLLABORATIVE; RESEARCH; PHYLOGENY; EVOLUTION; WORLD

The family Tachinidae contains nearly 10,000 described species of beneficial parasitic flies. As enemies of other insects, particularly herbivores, tachinids are important regulators of host populations in natural and agricultural ecosystems. They help in the natural control of numerous pest insects and have been effectively used in biological control of invasive pests. Despite their diversity and ecological importance, we know little about their interactions with hosts and how these have developed over time. The taxonomic difficulty and lack of a robust classification of tachinids has hindered both basic and applied research. The goals of this project are to reconstruct relationships among groups of tachinid flies using molecular and traditional methods and then use these results to produce a stable classification and to understand patterns of host-use and other life history traits. Another key goal is to broadly distribute taxonomic and biological information on tachinids to researchers and practitioners. Tachinidae are the most important group of insect parasitoids outside of the wasps. A sound grasp of their history and a reliable taxonomic infrastructure are necessary to understand their roles as enemies, the evolution of their diverse attack strategies, and the causes of their rapid and rampant diversification. Such an understanding can guide the selection of the most effective tachinid biological control agents in agricultural and forest systems and limit the potential negative impacts upon non-targets. It will also inform broad issues in biology such as biogeography, ecological specialization, and the causes of adaptive diversification.

tachinidae家族包含近10,000种有益的寄生蝇。作为其他昆虫的敌人，尤其是食草动物，速剂是自然和农业生态系统中宿主种群的重要调节因子。它们有助于自然控制许多害虫昆虫，并有效地用于侵入性害虫的生物学控制。尽管它们的多样性和生态意义，但我们对他们与宿主的互动以及随着时间的推移如何发展了解一无所知。分类的困难和缺乏强大的速度分类阻碍了基础研究和应用研究。该项目的目标是使用分子和传统方法重建速蝇组之间的关系，然后使用这些结果来产生稳定的分类，并了解宿主使用和其他生活历史特征的模式。另一个关键目标是将有关速度的分类和生物学信息广泛分配给研究人员和从业者。 tachinidae是黄蜂以外的最重要的昆虫寄生虫。对于了解他们作为敌人的角色，各种攻击策略的演变以及其快速和猖ramp多样化的原因，必须了解其历史和可靠的分类基础设施。这种理解可以指导在农业和森林系统中选择最有效的速度生物控制剂，并限制对非目标的潜在负面影响。它还将为生物地理，生态专业化和适应性多样化的原因等生物学方面的广泛问题提供信息。