Collaborative Research: PurSUiT: Systematic viral discovery through structured search of host phylogeny

合作研究：PurSUiT：通过宿主系统发育的结构化搜索系统性病毒发现

• 批准号: 2302679
• 负责人: Tony Goldberg
• 金额: $ 65.7万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2302679&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; PurSUiT; Systematic; viral

Viral pathogens are usually researched intensively after they emerge and cause disease in humans or domestic animals. This leads to a deep understanding of the few viruses that affect humans, but largely ignores the vast, unknown diversity of viruses in the rest of mammals. This project leverages the high-quality, cryogenically frozen tissue collections of wild mammals that are stored in natural history museums to systematically sequence, discover, and characterize viral diversity from across the Mammal Tree of Life. This project will contribute directly to the understanding of host-virus evolution, inform the frequency and distance at which ‘spillover’ or host-switches can occur, and identify high and low risk viral pathogens. By connecting the viral sequences back to a physical mammal specimen at a museum, this project provides a foundation for detailed future investigations of specific pathogens, pathogen communities, and the associated genetic variation in their mammal hosts. To further reinforce the connection between microbial research and natural history museums, this project will collaborate with Project ECHO’s Museums and Emerging Pathogens in the Americas (MEPA) network to foster international exchange of ideas and build capacity in biodiverse countries, where pathogen emergence is more likely. This project uses a sampling strategy that optimizes evolutionary distances and geographic coverage to select mammal specimens to survey for viruses. Initially, a core set of nearly 600 mammalian species in 25 of 27 orders will be targeted to provide a mammal-wide survey of viral diversity. Based on this initial effort, lineages that have especially rich viral communities will be selected for more intensive sampling that will allow for analyses of virus-virus interactions and host-virus co-evolution (or lack thereof). New and known viral sequences will be reconstructed bioinformatically and used to test long-standing assumptions related to viral diversity, host traits, and host diversity, including which lineages represent “high risk” or “low risk” to humans (e.g., bats, rodents, and primates as traditionally “high risk” groups). Pairs of mammal and virus lineages that show elevated rates of host switching will be used to identify the ecological and environmental traits that are associated with such events.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

病毒病原体是在出现的，在人类或家族动物中造成了几种影响，但在很大程度上忽略了哺乳动物的巨大，不知情的病毒，在自然历史博物馆中存储的野生哺乳动物的冷冻组织收集到系统中。 ，并确定了病毒序列的未来对特定病原体，病原体群落以及其哺乳动物宿主中相关的遗传变化的研究。在生物多样性国家中的想法和能力是G策略。 VE尤其是富裕的病毒式同情对人类（例如，蝙蝠，啮齿动物和灵长类动物作为传统“高风险”群体）的谱系“高风险“高风险”或“低风险”。反映NSF'SFlyd通过使用Foung dation的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。