Collaborative Research: Chemical, Physical, and Radiative Properties of North Atlantic Free Tropospheric Aerosol after Long-range Transport

合作研究：北大西洋自由对流层气溶胶长程传输后的化学、物理和辐射特性

• 批准号: 1109568
• 负责人: Detlev Helmig
• 金额: $ 20.88万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1109568&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Chemical; Physical; Radiative

This project will augment ongoing measurements of aerosols and co-pollutants at the Pico Mountain Atmospheric Observatory in the central North Atlantic, at 2.2 kilometers above sea level on Pico Island in the Azores archipelago. The Observatory resides well above the marine boundary layer and receives air characteristic of the lower free troposphere during most times. The site has been found to be highly valuable for studying continental outflow that has not been affected by the ocean and local emissions since leaving the continent up to three weeks earlier. Consequently, this site is an ideal location to investigate pollution transport events originating from human activities in North America, from fires in the boreal regions, and occasionally from Saharan dust intrusions. Previous measurements and simulations of dispersion and chemical transport have examined the impacts of outflow from North America on tropospheric ozone and its precursors over the North Atlantic Ocean. In this project, new measurements will be added to the parameters presently measured to address the radiative properties of aerosols and its co-pollutants. These data will allow study of the optical properties and composition of long-range transported aerosols. Radiative forcing of light-absorbing carbon and its co-pollutants in air masses undergoing long-range transport and monitored at the Pico Observatory will be determined by a combination of 3-dimensional chemistry-transport and chemistry-climate models and dispersion modeling.The results will contribute to understanding of aerosol chemical, physical and radiative properties with respect to long-range transport and aerosol aging. It will provide the first detailed multi-year chemical and optical measurements of North Atlantic free tropospheric aerosol. A climatology of the frequency and occurrence of long-range transported light absorbing aerosol at Pico Mountain will be developed. The observations, modeled chemical transport, and radiative forcing simulations will provide a foundation for further research on global light-absorbing aerosol properties and on its distribution, for improved remote sensing data interpretations. The project will bring together investigators from three U.S. universities and one Portuguese university. Two participants from the Teachers Education Division at Michigan Technological University will be involved. These student teachers will participate in the field research at Pico and develop new education plans for high school students. Further outreach will be possible with a new Pico Mountain research web page and a display in the Pico Mountain National Park visitor center.

该项目将在北大西洋中部的Pico山大气天文台上增加对气溶胶和共污染物的持续测量，位于亚速尔群岛群岛的皮科岛的海平面以上2.2公里。天文台位于海洋边界层上方，并在大多数时候接收到较低自由对流层的空气特征。已经发现该地点对于研究大陆流出的大陆流出以来，自从三周前离开大陆以来一直没有受到海洋和当地排放的影响。因此，该地点是研究源自北美人类活动的污染运输事件的理想场所，来自北美地区的大火，偶尔也来自撒哈拉尘埃侵入。先前对分散和化学运输的测量和模拟检查了北美对对流层臭氧的流出影响及其在北大西洋上的前体。在该项目中，将添加新的测量结果，目前正在测量的参数以解决气溶胶及其共污染物的辐射特性。这些数据将允许研究远程运输气溶胶的光学性质和组成。散发性吸收碳及其在远距离运输的空气质量中的共污染物及其在PICO观测值进行监测的辐射性强迫将通过3维化学转运和化学气候模型和分散模型的结合来确定。结果将有助于了解与气体化学，物理和放射性化的型物质和良好的型号，从而有助于理解。它将提供北大西洋游离对流层气溶胶的首个详细的多年化学和光学测量。将开发出Pico Mountain在Pico Mountain的频率和远程运输光吸气的气候。观测，建模的化学传输和辐射强迫模拟将为进一步研究全球光吸收气溶胶特性及其分布提供基础，以改善遥感数据解释。该项目将汇集来自美国三所大学和一所葡萄牙大学的调查人员。密歇根技术大学教师教育部的两名参与者将参与其中。这些学生老师将参加PICO的现场研究，并为高中生制定新的教育计划。通过新的Pico Mountain Research网页和Pico Mountain国家公园游客中心的展示，将有可能进一步推广。