DYNAmics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation / DYNAMO Subsurface Fluxes

Madden-Julian 振荡动力学 / DYNAMO 地下通量

• 批准号: 1059055
• 负责人: James Moum
• 金额: $ 154.1万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-15 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1059055&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DYNAmics; Madden; Julian; Oscillation; DYNAMO

DYNAMO is a US research program motivated by the overall objective to expedite our understanding of processes key to the initiation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) over the Indian Ocean. DYNAMO consists of four integrated components: a field campaign, data analysis, modeling, and forecasting. The field program is designed to observe the structure and evolution of cloud populations, their interaction with the large-scale environment, and air-sea interaction processes during MJO initiation. This project represents the ocean-side (subsurface) flux measurement program to complement surface flux measurements which are part of the air-sea interaction component of DYNAMO. The DYNAMO subsurface flux program focuses on air-sea interaction in the upper equatorial Indian Ocean, a key aspect for MJO initiation. This project will provide comprehensive measurements of the Indian Ocean barrier layer, upper-ocean mixing and entrainment as well as general surface layer behavior. Comprehensive and systematic upper ocean profiling of temperature, salinity, currents and turbulence will be executed during 35 days using proven instrumentation and techniques. This experiment's special focus will be assessment of changes in upper ocean heat content due to the combination of surface fluxes, depth-dependent solar heating (measured using in situ optical instrumentation) and subsurface divergence of turbulence heat transport (measured using the Chameleon CTD/ turbulence profiler). Advective contributions will be estimated from mooring arrays. These measurements will provide the basis for a determination of the physical processes underlying ocean/atmosphere feedbacks during the MJO initiation phase and for the parameterization of these processes in large scale ocean circulation models. These observations will be integrated into the DYNAMO/CINDY2011 program and made available to the general community to aid in understanding and predicting tropical climate systems. Inadequate representations of these processes in numerical models presently inhibit accurate simulation and prediction of MJO initiation. A better understanding of these processes is essential for improving their representations in numerical models.The DYNAMO subsurface flux program will introduce young scientists to complex, multi-scale air-sea interaction problems in the tropical climate system. DYNAMO observations will be used to calibrate and validate satellite retrievals, benefiting their application to much broader areas beyond MJO-related problems. Improved MJO simulation and prediction born from DYNAMO activities will enhance the capacity to deliver prediction and assessment products on intra-seasonal timescales for societal risk management and decision making, and to strengthen confidence in climate projections.

DYNAMO 是美国的一项研究计划，其总体目标是加快我们对印度洋上空马登-朱利安涛动 (MJO) 启动的关键过程的理解。 DYNAMO 由四个集成组件组成：现场活动、数据分析、建模和预测。 该实地项目旨在观察云群的结构和演化、它们与大尺度环境的相互作用以及MJO启动期间的海气相互作用过程。 该项目代表了海洋一侧（地下）通量测量程序，以补充表面通量测量，后者是 DYNAMO 的海气相互作用组件的一部分。 DYNAMO 地下通量计划的重点是赤道上印度洋的海气相互作用，这是 MJO 启动的一个关键方面。该项目将对印度洋屏障层、上层海洋混合和夹带以及一般表层行为进行综合测量。 将使用经过验证的仪器和技术在 35 天内对温度、盐度、海流和湍流进行全面、系统的上层海洋剖面分析。该实验的特别重点是评估由于表面通量、与深度相关的太阳加热（使用现场光学仪器测量）和湍流热传输的地下发散（使用 Chameleon CTD/湍流测量）的组合而导致的上层海洋热含量的变化。分析器）。 平流贡献将通过系泊阵列进行估计。 这些测量将为确定 MJO 启动阶段海洋/大气反馈背后的物理过程以及大规模海洋环流模型中这些过程的参数化提供基础。 这些观测结果将被纳入 DYNAMO/CINDY2011 计划，并提供给广大社区，以帮助了解和预测热带气候系统。目前，数值模型中这些过程的不充分表示阻碍了 MJO 引发的准确模拟和预测。更好地理解这些过程对于改善它们在数值模型中的表示至关重要。DYNAMO 地下通量计划将向年轻科学家介绍热带气候系统中复杂的、多尺度的海气相互作用问题。 DYNAMO 观测结果将用于校准和验证卫星反演，有利于其应用于 MJO 相关问题以外的更广泛领域。 DYNAMO 活动所产生的改进的 MJO 模拟和预测将增强在季节内时间尺度上提供预测和评估产品的能力，用于社会风险管理和决策，并增强对气候预测的信心。