The Paleoecology and Evolution of White Sharks: An Isotopic Study

白鲨的古生态学和进化：同位素研究

• 批准号: 1053013
• 负责人: Paul Koch
• 金额: $ 4.8万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-10-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1053013&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Paleoecology; Evolution; White; Sharks; Isotopic

Paul Koch The University of California-Santa CruzThe Paleoecology and Evolution of White Sharks: An Isotopic StudyThis is a study of modern and ancient shark ecology using stable isotope analysis, which permits the quantification of patterns and processes in ecological systems. While isotope systematics have not been studied extensively in sharks, based on the wide utility of isotopic methods in studies of the ecology and paleoecology of other vertebrates, we hope that our approach will broaden our understanding of shark ecology. To lay the foundation for both modern and paleontological research, we will analyze samples from a recently concluded controlled feeding study, which also included calcified structures. The interpretative framework set by our feeding study will allow us to assess the dietary and habitat preferences of modern white sharks off the California coast. We will sub-sample annual growth bands in the vertebrae of white sharks collected from the mid-to-late 20th century. Our study should reveal growth and seasonal shifts within an individual?s lifetime, as well as possible ecological changes associated with the increase in the marine mammal populations since the 1970s. Our project featuring modern and ancient white sharks will contribute to critical ecological questions, which are difficult to answer with other tools. Our past work have had practical impacts for our understanding of the ecology and conservation biology of modern species. This work has brought a new set of tools to modern ecology and it can offer an essential historical context for the study of modern ecosystems. This project will contribute to the education of UCSC graduate and undergraduate students. It will support the mentoring of a post-doctoral researcher. It will train a Ph.D. student. We expect undergraduate students to develop senior thesis projects around this study. We will explore developing a new course on historical marine ecology, using information from this proposal and prior studies of seals, condors, and other taxa. Our results will also contribute to a new fossil shark website associated with the Florida Natural History Museums Ichthyology Department. These outreach venues will allow educators, youth, and the general public to explore ancient and modern shark ecology.

保罗·科赫（Paul Koch）加利福尼亚大学圣克鲁斯分校的古生物学和白鲨的进化：同位素研究这是一项使用稳定的同位素分析对现代和古老的鲨鱼生态学的研究，可以量化生态系统中模式和过程的量化。 尽管尚未在鲨鱼中广泛研究同位素系统，但基于同位素方法在其他脊椎动物的生态学和古生态学研究中的广泛实用性，我们希望我们的方法能够扩大我们对鲨鱼生态学的理解。为了奠定现代和古生物学研究的基础，我们将分析最近结束的对照喂养研究中的样品，该研究还包括钙化结构。我们的喂养研究设定的解释性框架将使我们能够评估加利福尼亚海岸附近现代白鲨的饮食和栖息地偏好。我们将在20世纪中叶至属的白鲨的椎骨中为年度增长带。我们的研究应揭示个人寿命内的生长和季节性转变，以及自1970年代以来海洋哺乳动物种群增加而可能的生态变化。我们以现代和古老的白色鲨鱼为特色的项目将有助于关键的生态问题，这些问题很难用其他工具来回答。我们过去的工作对我们对现代物种的生态和保护生物学的理解产生了实际影响。这项工作为现代生态学带来了一套新的工具，它可以为研究现代生态系统提供基本的历史背景。该项目将有助于UCSC毕业生和本科生的教育。它将支持博士后研究人员的指导。它将训练博士学位。学生。我们希望本科生围绕这项研究开发高级论文项目。我们将使用该提案的信息以及对海豹，秃鹰和其他分类单元的先前研究进行信息，探索开发有关历史海洋生态学的新课程。我们的结果还将为与佛罗里达自然历史博物馆鱼类学部门相关的新化石鲨鱼网站做出贡献。这些外展场地将使教育者，青年和公众能够探索古老和现代的鲨鱼生态。