The Paleoecology and Evolution of White Sharks: An Isotopic Study

白鲨的古生态学和进化：同位素研究

• 批准号: 1053013
• 负责人: Paul Koch
• 金额: $ 4.8万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-10-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1053013&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Paleoecology; Evolution; White; Sharks; Isotopic

Paul Koch The University of California-Santa CruzThe Paleoecology and Evolution of White Sharks: An Isotopic StudyThis is a study of modern and ancient shark ecology using stable isotope analysis, which permits the quantification of patterns and processes in ecological systems. While isotope systematics have not been studied extensively in sharks, based on the wide utility of isotopic methods in studies of the ecology and paleoecology of other vertebrates, we hope that our approach will broaden our understanding of shark ecology. To lay the foundation for both modern and paleontological research, we will analyze samples from a recently concluded controlled feeding study, which also included calcified structures. The interpretative framework set by our feeding study will allow us to assess the dietary and habitat preferences of modern white sharks off the California coast. We will sub-sample annual growth bands in the vertebrae of white sharks collected from the mid-to-late 20th century. Our study should reveal growth and seasonal shifts within an individual?s lifetime, as well as possible ecological changes associated with the increase in the marine mammal populations since the 1970s. Our project featuring modern and ancient white sharks will contribute to critical ecological questions, which are difficult to answer with other tools. Our past work have had practical impacts for our understanding of the ecology and conservation biology of modern species. This work has brought a new set of tools to modern ecology and it can offer an essential historical context for the study of modern ecosystems. This project will contribute to the education of UCSC graduate and undergraduate students. It will support the mentoring of a post-doctoral researcher. It will train a Ph.D. student. We expect undergraduate students to develop senior thesis projects around this study. We will explore developing a new course on historical marine ecology, using information from this proposal and prior studies of seals, condors, and other taxa. Our results will also contribute to a new fossil shark website associated with the Florida Natural History Museums Ichthyology Department. These outreach venues will allow educators, youth, and the general public to explore ancient and modern shark ecology.

保罗·科赫加州大学圣克鲁斯分校《白鲨的古生态学和进化：同位素研究》这是一项利用稳定同位素分析对现代和古代鲨鱼生态学进行的研究，该分析可以量化生态系统中的模式和过程。 虽然同位素系统学尚未在鲨鱼中得到广泛研究，但基于同位素方法在其他脊椎动物生态学和古生态学研究中的广泛应用，我们希望我们的方法将拓宽我们对鲨鱼生态学的理解。为了为现代和古生物学研究奠定基础，我们将分析最近结束的控制喂养研究的样本，其中也包括钙化结构。我们的喂养研究设定的解释框架将使我们能够评估加州海岸现代白鲨的饮食和栖息地偏好。我们将对 20 世纪中后期收集的白鲨椎骨的年度生长带进行二次采样。我们的研究应该揭示个体一生中的生长和季节变化，以及自 20 世纪 70 年代以来与海洋哺乳动物种群增加相关的可能的生态变化。我们以现代和古代白鲨为特色的项目将有助于解决其他工具难以回答的关键生态问题。我们过去的工作对我们理解现代物种的生态和保护生物学产生了实际影响。这项工作为现代生态学带来了一套新的工具，可以为现代生态系统的研究提供重要的历史背景。该项目将为 UCSC 研究生和本科生的教育做出贡献。它将支持对博士后研究员的指导。它将培养一名博士学位。学生。我们期望本科生围绕这项研究开发高级论文项目。我们将利用本提案中的信息以及之前对海豹、秃鹰和其他类群的研究，探索开发一门关于历史海洋生态学的新课程。我们的研究结果还将有助于与佛罗里达自然历史博物馆鱼类学部门相关的新鲨鱼化石网站。这些外展场所将使教育工作者、青少年和公众能够探索古代和现代的鲨鱼生态学。