Dimensions: Collaborative Research: An Interdisciplinary Study of Hyperdiverse Endophytic Fungi and Their Function in Boreal Forests

维度：合作研究：北方森林中超多样性内生真菌及其功能的跨学科研究

• 批准号: 1046065
• 负责人: Francois Lutzoni
• 金额: $ 78.36万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1046065&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dimensions; Collaborative; Research; Interdisciplinary; Study

As major sources of ecological and evolutionary innovation, symbioses drive genome evolution, ecological diversification, and speciation - and thus shape all dimensions of the diversity of life. The goal of this study is to examine the taxonomic, genetic, and functional diversity of endophytes, one of Earth's most prevalent, but least-understood, groups of symbionts. Endophytic fungi are found within healthy above-ground tissues of all plants (and in lichens as "endolichenic fungi"), including crop- and forage plants, and peak in their phylogenetic diversity in boreal forests, an imperiled ecosystem of immense global importance. This interdisciplinary study will develop a novel biodiversity informatics pipeline to discover, evaluate, and describe new species of boreal endophytes at multiple spatial and phylogenetic scales around the circumboreal belt. Culture-based and culture-free surveys will yield the largest sample of endophytic fungi to date, setting the stage for testing novel hypotheses regarding the evolution of ecological modes in the Ascomycota, the most species-rich fungal phylum; developing new model systems for evaluating, for the first time, the functional diversity of endophyte communities; and elucidating the genetic mechanisms shaping that diversity, including mobile genetic elements, endohyphal microbial symbionts, and genome evolution. Data will be managed and released through an integrated system built around the Suite of Nucleotide Analysis Programs (SNAP) and made public through a dedicated web portal, EnDoBiodiversity.org. This highly integrative project also seeks to promote diversity in science for high school students, STEM teachers, undergraduate and graduate students, and postdoctoral scholars at scales ranging from local outreach at four universities to widespread international collaboration. Hosting of international researchers, leadership of international workshops, and development of international symposia will synergize fungal taxonomy and molecular systematics while boosting rates of species descriptions to a level never reached before and fostering novel collaborations in the study of fungal symbionts. Building and sharing of novel biodiversity informatics tools will be complemented by development and deposition of permanent fungal culture collections and extensive molecular sequence datasets.

作为生态和进化创新的主要来源，共生剂驱动基因组进化，生态多样化和物种形成 - 从而塑造了生活多样性的所有方面。 这项研究的目的是检查内生物的分类，遗传和功能多样性，这是地球最普遍但最不受欢迎的共生体群体之一。 在所有植物的健康地面组织中发现了内生真菌（在地衣上，包括作物和草料植物，以及在北方森林中的系统发育多样性中达到峰值，这是一个巨大的全球重要性的生态系统。 这项跨学科的研究将开发出一种新型的生物多样性信息学管道，以发现，评估和描述北极和系统发育量表周围周围多个空间和系统发育量表的新物种。 迄今为止，基于培养的和无培养的调查将产生最大的内生真菌样本，为测试有关生态模式进化的新假设奠定了基础，这是最富含物种的真菌门的生态模式。开发新的模型系统，以首次评估内生菌社区的功能多样性；并阐明遗传机制塑造了多样性，包括移动遗传因素，内植物微生物共生体和基因组进化。 数据将通过围绕核苷酸分析程序（SNAP）的套件构建的集成系统进行管理和发布，并通过专用的Web门户网站EndobioDovive.org公开。这个高度综合的项目还旨在促进高中生，STEM老师，本科生和研究生的科学多样性，以及在四所大学的当地宣传到广泛的国际合作的规模的博士后学者。 主持国际研究人员，国际研讨会的领导力以及国际研讨会的发展将协同真菌分类学和分子系统学协同，同时将物种描述率提高到以前从未达到的水平，并在真菌象征研究中促进新颖的合作。 新型生物多样性信息学工具的构建和共享将得到永久性真菌培养物收集和广泛的分子序列数据集的开发和沉积。