Effect of Light and Temperature Cycles and Climate Change on Adaptation in Lizards

光和温度循环以及气候变化对蜥蜴适应的影响

• 批准号: 1022031
• 负责人: Barry Sinervo
• 金额: $ 47.61万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1022031&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Effect; Light; Temperature; Cycles; Climate

Barry Sinervo IOS 1022031 Effect of Light and Temperature Cycles and Climate Change on Adaptation in LizardsRecent climate changes in maximum daily temperatures during spring and summer in many parts of the world appear to be driving local population extinctions of many lizard species. Field studies of key reproductive parameters such as breeding time will be conducted on the side-blotched lizard, a species with detailed information on genetics of lay date in nature. Breeding time is expected to change rapidly under the observed 2°C shift in maximum daily spring temperatures observed during the past two decades in California. The researchers expect to find strong natural selection on breeding time. In laboratory experiments, the researchers will study climate-warming effects on "plastic changes" in breeding time to determine physiological limits of acclimation to climate warming. For example, climate warming is expected to induce earlier breeding but this plastic shift in lay date, due to milder winters, may paradoxically generate strong selection for later lay dates because the optimal period for summer juvenile growth has not changed. Finally, a theoretical model that has been used to accurately predict worldwide extinctions of lizards will be used to predict locations of ongoing population extinctions of side-blotch lizards across the US and Mexico. The predictions will be verified with ground-truth surveys and measurements of microclimate. This study will supply critical information on how species adapt to rapid climate change and if adaptation is not possible, it will estimate extinction likelihood. Lizard species are a valuable model because of well-developed methods for studying natural selection, genetics and thermal physiology. Understanding climate effects on ecology of single species (e.g., demography, reproduction) is a first step in understanding climate impacts on ecosystem functioning. These issues are vital for predicting climate impacts on any ecosystem functioning, human agricultural systems included.

Barry Sinervo IOS 1022031光和温度周期的影响以及气候变化对春季和夏季在春季和夏季最高温度的最高气候变化的适应性变化，世界许多地区似乎都在推动许多蜥蜴物种的当地种群扩展。关键生殖参数（例如繁殖时间）的现场研究将在侧面吸引的蜥蜴上进行，该物种具有有关自然日期遗传日期遗传学的详细信息。预计在过去二十年在加利福尼亚观察到的最高日常春季温度下，在观察到的2°C转移下，繁殖时间将迅速变化。研究人员希望在繁殖时间上找到强有力的自然选择。在实验室实验中，研究人员将研究对繁殖时间“塑料变化”的气候变暖影响，以确定适应攀岩的生理限制。例如，气候变暖有望引起较早的繁殖，但是由于米勒冬季，这种塑料变化可能会在较晚的日期中偶然地产生强烈的选择，因为夏季少年生长的最佳时期没有改变。最后，一种用于准确预测蜥蜴的全球扩展的理论模型将用于预测美国和墨西哥各地侧面印迹蜥蜴正在进行的人口扩展的位置。将通过基本真相调查和微气候测量结果来验证这些预测。这项研究将提供有关物种如何适应快速气候变化的关键信息，并且如果不可能进行适应，它将估计扩展的可能性。蜥蜴物种是一个有价值的模型，因为它采用了开发的研究自然选择，遗传学和热生理学的方法。了解气候对单个物种生态学的影响（例如人口统计学，繁殖）是理解气候对生态系统功能的影响的第一步。这些问题对于预测气候对包括人类农业系统的任何生态系统功能的影响至关重要。