Potential Impacts of Aerosol Particles on Severe Storms and Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs)

气溶胶颗粒对强风暴和中尺度对流系统 (MCS) 的潜在影响

• 批准号: 1005041
• 负责人: William Cotton
• 金额: $ 53.46万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-15 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1005041&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Potential; Impacts; Aerosol; Particles; Severe; Potential; Impacts; Aerosol; Particles; Severe

This project will involve continued assessment of the potential impacts of aerosol pollution and natural dust sources on severe convective storms and mesoscale convective systems (MCSs). Prior research by this investigator based upon the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) model has suggested that dust-aerosol influences could significantly influence the evolution of storm outbreaks in the central plains and (ultimately) alter the potential for tornadogenesis within individual convective storms, while other research has pointed to possible aerosol influences on hail formation. To further pursue these topics the research team will focus three key areas, each contributing to the intellectual merit of this effort: * Assessing aerosol/dust influences on tornadogenesis: Using RAMS version 4.3.0, the researchers will assess the direct radiative effects of dust on the environmental thermodynamic profile with special attention to the "capping inversion," the ability of dust serving as nuclei to alter supercell thunderstorm dynamics, and conduct simulations of actual storm events with attention to assessing impacts of ingested dust. * Modeling hail formation using a triple-moment cloud microphysical scheme: The researchers will further modify a newly developed triple moment scheme, perform additional sensitivity tests, and simulate one or more real-world cases. * Assessing aerosol influences on MCSs and hailstorms: The researchers will examine how the variability of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations may impact hail formation and size under various environmental conditions, and perform simulations of several observed MCSs that evidently ingested highly polluted air to determine if there are significant feedbacks of ingested CCN on overall storm dynamics and microphysics.Broader impacts of this research will include the participation of multiple graduate students in the outlined research activities. Modeling resources developed under the grant will be made available to the scientific community via their ultimate inclusion in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The work ultimately has the potential for societal benefits through improved forecasts of severe convective weather events.

该项目将涉及对气溶胶污染和自然尘埃对对流风暴和中尺度对流系统（MCS）的潜在影响的继续评估。 该研究者基于区域大气建模系统（RAMS）模型的先前研究表明，灰尘 - 气溶胶的影响可以显着影响中部平原中风暴爆发的演变，并（最终）改变了个体对流风暴中龙卷力生成的可能性，而其他研究则指出了可能对Hail形成的气溶胶影响。 To further pursue these topics the research team will focus three key areas, each contributing to the intellectual merit of this effort: * Assessing aerosol/dust influences on tornadogenesis: Using RAMS version 4.3.0, the researchers will assess the direct radiative effects of dust on the environmental thermodynamic profile with special attention to the "capping inversion," the ability of dust serving as nuclei to alter supercell thunderstorm dynamics, and conduct simulations of actual风暴事件，注意评估摄入的灰尘影响的影响。 *使用三力云微物理方案对冰雹的形成进行建模：研究人员将进一步修改新开发的三矩方案，执行其他灵敏度测试并模拟一个或多个现实世界中的情况。 * Assessing aerosol influences on MCSs and hailstorms: The researchers will examine how the variability of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations may impact hail formation and size under various environmental conditions, and perform simulations of several observed MCSs that evidently ingested highly polluted air to determine if there are significant feedbacks of ingested CCN on overall storm dynamics and microphysics.Broader impacts of this research will include the多个研究生参与概述的研究活动。 赠款下开发的建模资源将通过其在天气研究和预测（WRF）模型中提供给科学界。 这项工作最终通过改善严重对流天气事件的预​​测来获得社会利益的潜力。