Genetic basis of reproductive isolation in Solanum Sect. Lycopersicon

茄属生殖隔离的遗传基础。

基本信息

批准号：
0841957
负责人：
Leonie Moyle
金额：
$ 51.21万
依托单位：
Indiana University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-04-01 至 2013-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0841957&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Genetic basis reproductive isolation Solanum

项目摘要

Species are isolated from each other by barriers to reproduction, so that their hybrids are generally inviable and/or sterile. The research proposal involves three projects that examine the genetic basis of species reproductive isolating barriers in the plant group that includes the domesticated tomato, Solanum lycopersicum. First, the chromosomal location of genes that contribute to species barriers will be identified using "trait mapping" in hybrid populations between two species. Second, the degree to which different species share the same reproductive isolating genes will be examined using classical genetic crosses between hybrid genotypes. Third, the specific genes that lie within identified chromosomal regions will be uncovered, using recombinational "fine-mapping" with molecular genetic markers. Identifying the genes that cause hybrid sterility can provide insight into fundamental biological processes, including how new species are formed, and which genes contribute to reproductive functions. In addition, this research has practical applications. Wild relatives of agronomically-important species, such as tomato, are useful sources of natural genetic variation (e.g. for disease resistance, or tolerance to drought stress). Understanding the genetic mechanisms of reproductive isolation between these species can aid in developing breeding strategies to overcome these sterility barriers during crop improvement.

物种是通过繁殖障碍彼此隔离的，因此它们的杂种通常是不可或缺的和/或无菌的。研究建议涉及三个项目，这些项目检查了包括驯化番茄，索拉纳姆·番茄（Solanum Lycopersicum）的植物群中物种生殖隔离障碍的遗传基础。首先，将使用两个物种之间的杂种种群中的“性状映射”来鉴定有助于物种障碍的基因的染色体位置。其次，将使用混合基因型之间的经典遗传杂交研究不同物种共享相同生殖分离基因的程度。第三，使用分子遗传标记的重组“细映射”，将发现位于鉴定染色体区域内的特定基因。识别引起混合不育的基因可以提供对基本生物学过程的见解，包括如何形成新物种以及哪些基因有助于生殖功能。此外，这项研究还具有实际应用。农艺重要物种（例如番茄）的野生亲戚是自然遗传变异的有用来源（例如，抗病性或对干旱胁迫的耐受性）。了解这些物种之间生殖隔离的遗传机制可以帮助制定育种策略，以克服作物改善期间这些无菌性障碍。