Introduction of Nitrogen into uranium and thorium halides: Reactions with liquid ammonia, amides, imides, nitrides, and azides

将氮引入铀和钍的卤化物中：与液氨、酰胺、酰亚胺、氮化物和酸的反应

基本信息

批准号：
189244078
负责人：
Professor Dr. Florian Kraus
金额：
--
依托单位：
Fachgebiet Anorganische Chemie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/189244078?language=en
关键词：
Introduction Nitrogen into uranium thorium

项目摘要

The chemistry of uranium and thorium is well known - in sections dealing for nuclear purposes such as isolation of the elements, isotope separation, or workup of nuclear fuels. Besides these nuclear topics the knowledge is scarce.With our project we would like to stay away from such nuclear purposes and focus on the basic chemistry of uranium and thorium. The chemical reactions of uranium and thorium halides, with a special emphasis on those of the fluorides, are to be explored further. Our main interest is the synthesis of fluorine and nitrogen containing compounds like fluoride ammines, but also mixed-anionic compounds like fluoride amides, imides, and the respective nitrides. Nitrogen is to be introduced using ammonia, hydrazine, amides, imides, nitrides, and azides using solid state techniques as well as solution techniques in liquid ammonia solution. To the best of our knowledge such compounds are - except for a few examples - unknown. However, as they should be structurally related to oxides, the compounds should feature interesting and similar usable magnetic, optic, and electronic properties. In recent years mixed-anionic compounds have become more important, as for example superconducting fluoride oxides have been discovered.Nitrides are industrially used as hard materials, high temperature resistant substances, but also as light emitters in LEDs. Usually nitrides are synthesized at high temperatures and/or pressures. In our project we would like to develop a low temperature route to nitrides based on successive ammonolysis of halides in liquid ammonia.Our preliminary work during the first proposal was very successful: Besides a couple of novel compounds, the engagement with uranium, thorium, and fluorine chemistry allowed us to spot and settle an almost 200 year old dispute: Only with the knowledge gained in the first proposal we could unambiguosly proof the existence of elemental fluorine in nature.

铀和钍的化学性质是众所周知的 - 在涉及核用途的部分中，例如元素分离、同位素分离或核燃料后处理。除了这些核主题之外，知识还很稀缺。通过我们的项目，我们希望远离此类核目的，而专注于铀和钍的基础化学。铀和钍卤化物的化学反应，特别是氟化物的化学反应，有待进一步探索。我们的主要兴趣是合成含氟和含氮化合物，如氟化胺，以及混合阴离子化合物，如氟化酰胺、酰亚胺和相应的氮化物。将使用固态技术以及液氨溶液中的溶液技术使用氨、肼、酰胺、酰亚胺、氮化物和叠氮化物引入氮。据我们所知，除了少数例子外，此类化合物是未知的。然而，由于它们在结构上应与氧化物相关，因此这些化合物应具有有趣且相似的可用磁、光学和电子特性。近年来，混合阴离子化合物变得更加重要，例如超导氟化物氧化物的发现。氮化物在工业上用作硬质材料、耐高温物质，也用作 LED 中的发光体。通常氮化物是在高温和/或高压下合成的。在我们的项目中，我们希望开发一种基于液氨中卤化物连续氨解的低温路线。我们在第一个提案期间的初步工作非常成功：除了几种新型化合物之外，还与铀、钍和氟化学使我们能够发现并解决近 200 年来的争议：只有利用第一个提案中获得的知识，我们才能明确证明自然界中元素氟的存在。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Recent advances in the chemistry of uranium halides in anhydrous ammonia

无水氨中卤化铀化学研究进展

DOI：
10.1515/zkri-2018-2066
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials
影响因子：
0
作者：
S. S. Rudel;S. A. Baer;P. Woidy;T. G. Müller;H.-L. Deubner;B. Scheibe;F. Kraus
通讯作者：
F. Kraus

A 1D Coordination Polymer of UF5 with HCN as a Ligand.

UF5以HCN为配体的一维配位聚合物