Studies of Convection in the North American Monsoon Experiment (NAME)

北美季风实验中的对流研究（NAME）

• 批准号: 0733396
• 负责人: Steven Rutledge
• 金额: $ 56.5万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-11-01 至 2011-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0733396&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Studies; Convection; North; American; Monsoon

The North American Monsoon Experiment (NAME) was carried out in summer 2004 in northwestern Mexico and the Gulf of California to improve understanding and prediction of the North American Monsoon, or NAM. The NAM is responsible for much of the summer rainfall in the southwestern U.S. Before NAME 2004, little was known about the convective and mesoscale rainfall processes in this region. Under a predecessor award, the Principal Investigator participated in the field phase of NAME. He also was able to obtain initial results from NAME as well as previously studied rain gauge data which indicates that rainfall is more frequent over the higher terrain, but falls at more intense rates along the coastal plain. The Principal Investigator is now poised to conduct detailed investigations of the NAME radar dataset following extensive quality control activities. The intellectual merit of this research includes: Understanding precipitation variability between the high terrain of the Sierra Madre Occidental and the adjacent coastal plain, including how microphysical processes and mesoscale organization may vary between these locations and contribute to this rainfall variability; Understanding how mesoscale organization of convection is coupled to prominent features such as the land-sea breeze circulations, the Gulf of California low-level jet, and forcing on the synoptic scale such as associated with tropical easterly waves. The broader impacts of this research include: Improving physical processes in numerical models aimed at simulating the NAM through comparison to polarimetric-radar based analyses from NAME; Adding to general understanding of orographically-induced rainfall since topography plays such an important role in triggering convection in this region; Improving polarimetric radar-based algorithms for rainfall estimation; Validating and improving satellite microwave-based rainfall algorithms, which have known biases in this region.

北美季风实验（名称）于2004年夏季在墨西哥西北部和加利福尼亚海湾进行，以提高对北美季风或NAM的理解和预测。 NAM负责2004年在美国西南部的大部分夏季降雨，对该地区的对流和中尺度降雨过程知之甚少。 根据前身奖，首席研究人员参加了名称的现场阶段。 他还能够从名称以及先前研究的雨量计数据中获得最初的结果，这表明在较高的地形上降雨更为频繁，但在沿海平原上以更高的速度下降。现在，首席研究人员准备在广泛的质量控制活动之后对雷达数据集的名称进行详细研究。这项研究的智力优点包括：了解塞拉山脉Madre西方和邻近沿海平原之间的降水量变异性，包括微物理过程和中尺度组织如何在这些位置之间有所不同，并导致降雨量的可变性；了解中尺度的对流组织如何与突出的特征相结合，例如陆地微风循环，加利福尼亚州的低级喷气湾以及在概要尺度上强迫，例如与热带东风相关。这项研究的更广泛的影响包括：通过与基于偏光雷达的分析进行比较，旨在改善旨在模拟NAM的数值模型中的物理过程；由于地形在触发该区域的对流中起着重要的作用，因此对地形引起的降雨的一般理解加剧了一般的理解。改善降雨估计的基于极化雷达的算法；验证和改善基于卫星的微波降雨算法，该算法在该地区已知偏见。