Ship and Island Based Radar Observations in the Dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation Project (DYNAMO)

马登-朱利安振荡项目 (DYNAMO) 动力学中的船基和岛基雷达观测

• 批准号: 1063928
• 负责人: Steven Rutledge
• 金额: $ 117.19万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-05-01 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1063928&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ship; Island; Based; Radar; Observations

The Dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) field campaign is the US component of an international experiment in late 2011/early 2012 in the Indian Ocean, the Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability (CINDY2011). The overarching goal of DYNAMO is to expedite understanding of processes key to MJO initiation over the Indian Ocean and to improve simulation and prediction of the MJO. The field campaign will include multiple radars, atmospheric sounding sites, a research aircraft, multiple research vessels, and oceanic measurements. The three main hypotheses of DYNAMO are: 1) Deep convection can be organized into an MJO convective envelope only when the moist layer has become sufficiently deep over a region of the MJO scale; the pace at which this moistening occurs determines the duration of the pre-onset state, 2) Specific convective populations at different stages are essential to MJO initiation, and 3) The barrier layer, wind- and shear-driven mixing, shallow thermocline, and mixing-layer entrainment all play essential roles in MJO initiation in the Indian Ocean by controlling the upper-ocean heat content and SST, and thereby surface flux feedbackUnder this award a C-band Doppler radar will be deployed on the research ship, R/V Roger Revelle. The radar will be one of several participating in DYNAMO. Collectively the radars will monitor and characterize precipitating convection associated with MJO initiation. The radar data will be used to diagnose heating profiles -- the mechanism by which deep convection contributes to large scale forcing. The radar observations also will be used to validate large scale and cloud resolving model simulations of the MJO.Specifically, the PI will investigate issues relative to improving predication of theMJO initiation including:* Understanding the relationship between convective development and moistening of the atmosphere.* Characterizing the detailed nature of convection over the tropical Indian Ocean and how convective and stratiform precipitation contribute to diabatic heating.* Validation of large scale and cloud resolving models.The broader impacts of the work include the involvement of multiple graduate students in field research, and the contribution to the broader goals of the DYNAMO campaign to improve understanding of tropical convection, the predictability of the MJO, and downstream effects of the MJO on weather in the United States and other areas.

马登-朱利安涛动动力学 (DYNAMO) 实地活动是 2011 年底/2012 年初在印度洋进行的一项国际实验——印度洋季节内变率合作实验 (CINDY2011) 的美国组成部分。 DYNAMO 的总体目标是加快对印度洋 MJO 启动关键过程的理解，并改进 MJO 的模拟和预测。 现场活动将包括多个雷达、大气探测站点、一架研究飞机、多艘研究船和海洋测量。 DYNAMO 的三个主要假设是： 1）只有当潮湿层在 MJO 尺度的区域上变得足够深时，深层对流才能组织成 MJO 对流包络；这种湿润发生的速度决定了预发生状态的持续时间，2) 不同阶段的特定对流群体对于 MJO 的启动至关重要，3) 屏障层、风和剪切力驱动的混合、浅温跃层和混合层夹带通过控制上层海洋热含量和海温，从而在印度洋 MJO 启动中发挥重要作用，从而实现表面通量反馈根据该奖项，将在研究中部署 C 波段多普勒雷达船，R/V Roger Revelle。 该雷达将是参与 DYNAMO 的多种雷达之一。这些雷达将共同监测和表征与 MJO 启动相关的降水对流。雷达数据将用于诊断加热剖面——深对流造成大规模强迫的机制。雷达观测还将用于验证 MJO 的大规模云解析模型模拟。具体来说，PI 将调查与改进 MJO 启动预测相关的问题，包括：* 了解对流发展与大气湿润之间的关系。*描述热带印度洋对流的详细性质以及对流和层状降水如何促进非绝热加热。*大规模和云解析模型的验证。该工作的更广泛影响包括多名研究生参与实地研究，以及为 DYNAMO 活动的更广泛目标做出贡献，以提高对热带对流的了解、MJO 的可预测性以及 MJO 对美国和其他地区天气的下游影响。