Application of the Isotopes of Carbon Monoxide as Tracers of Current OH Trends and Preindustrial CO Chemistry

一氧化碳同位素作为当前 OH 趋势和工业化前 CO 化学示踪剂的应用

• 批准号: 0731406
• 负责人: John Mak
• 金额: $ 71.13万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-15 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0731406&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Application; Isotopes; Carbon; Monoxide; Tracers

A comparison of very recent model simulations compared to observations indicates there is a recent, substantial change in the presence of the atmospheric tracer 14CO in the high latitude Northern Hemisphere. Such changes may well be a reflection of variations in the presence of atmospheric OH and therefore the atmospheric oxidation potential.In this project, researchers at the State University of New York at Stony Brook will measure 14CO at an established site (Westmann Islands, Iceland) and compare with model simulations to test our understanding of the atmospheric oxidation potential. Because 14CO is a cosmogenically produced molecule that reacts almost exclusively with OH, the loss rate can be calculated if the inventory is measured, since the production rate is now well constrained. As a result of efforts by the international modeling community, model simulations of 14CO have improved dramatically with the use of existing 14CO data. Assessing the atmospheric oxidation potential has recently been highlighted as an important research area (Lelieveld et al., 2006; 7th IGAC Conference, 2002: Hot Topic: Stability of Global OH and Detection of OH Trends). The research team will compare their NH data with data from the Southern Hemisphere as well, since sampling sites in the middle and high latitude Southern Hemisphere will be operated, independently but concurrently, by the National Institute for Water and Atmospheres, Crown Research Institute, New Zealand. The research team will also investigate the relative contribution from biomass burning to the CO budget of the Southern Hemisphere during preindustrial times. This will be done by measuring the abundance of the stable C and O isotopes of CO from firn air samples.This project will feature significant international and educational broader impacts. The scope of the research will be fundamentally international in terms of both scientific scope and scientific collaborations. Model development will be spearheaded by Prof. Maarten Krol (Utrecht University, the Netherlands), Dr. Patrick Jöckel (Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany), and Dr. Louisa Emmons (NCAR). Extraction of air from ice samples will take place at the Laboratory for Glaciology and Geophysics, National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), Grenoble, France, in collaboration with Dr. Jerome Chappellaz; and samples collected from the Southern Hemisphere, to be directly compared with our work in the NH, will be carried out by Dr. David Lowe?s research group at the National Institute for Water and Atmosphere, Crown Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand. Collaborations such as these reflect the level of interest in this work by the international community. Because of its relatively high level of enrollment of minority students, SUNY Stony Brook is an excellent recruiting campus for identifying and nurturing underrepresented groups in the atmospheric sciences. The principal investigator plans to recruit and promote qualified, underrepresented minority students into the earth sciences. Undergraduate participation will be encouraged.

最近的模型模拟与观测结果的比较表明，北半球高纬度地区大气示踪剂 14CO 的存在最近发生了重大变化，这种变化很可能反映了大气 OH 存在的变化。在这个项目中，纽约州立大学石溪分校的研究人员将在一个既定地点（冰岛韦斯特曼群岛）测量 14CO 并与模型模拟进行比较，以测试我们对大气的理解由于 14CO 是一种宇宙生成的分子，几乎只与 OH 发生反应，因此如果测量库存，就可以计算出损失率，因为通过国际建模界的努力，模型的生产率现在得到了很好的限制。通过使用现有的 14CO 数据，14CO 的模拟得到了显着改善，评估大气氧化潜力最近被强调为一个重要的研究领域（Lelieveld 等人， 2006 年；第七届 IGAC 会议，2002 年：热点话题：全球 OH 的稳定性和 OH 趋势的检测）研究小组还将他们的 NH 数据与南半球的数据进行比较，因为采样点位于南半球中高纬度地区。将由新西兰皇家研究所国家水和大气研究所独立但同时运营。研究小组还将调查生物质的相对贡献。工业化前时期南半球的二氧化碳预算燃烧将通过测量空气样本中二氧化碳稳定碳同位素和氧气同位素的丰度来完成。该项目将具有重大的国际和教育影响范围。该研究在科学范围和科学合作方面都将基本上是国际性的，由 Maarten Krol 教授（荷兰乌得勒支大学）和 Patrick Jöckel 博士（马克斯·普朗克研究所）牵头。化学（德国美因茨）和 Louisa Emmons 博士（NCAR）将在法国格勒诺布尔国家科学研究中心（CNRS）冰川学和地球物理实验室与 Louisa Emmons 博士合作从冰样本中提取空气。杰罗姆·查佩拉兹 (Jerome Chappellaz)；从南半球收集的样本将由国家水利研究所的大卫·洛 (David Lowe) 博士的研究小组进行，以便与我们在新罕布什尔州的工作进行直接比较。新西兰惠灵顿皇冠研究所的氛围反映了国际社会对这项工作的兴趣程度，因为其少数族裔学生的入学率相对较高，纽约州立大学石溪分校是一个优秀的招生校园。培养大气科学领域代表性不足的群体。首席研究员计划招募和促进代表性不足的少数族裔学生参与地球科学。