Application of the Isotopes of Carbon Monoxide as Tracers of Current OH Trends and Preindustrial CO Chemistry

一氧化碳同位素作为当前 OH 趋势和工业化前 CO 化学示踪剂的应用

• 批准号: 0731406
• 负责人: John Mak
• 金额: $ 71.13万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-15 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0731406&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Application; Isotopes; Carbon; Monoxide; Tracers

A comparison of very recent model simulations compared to observations indicates there is a recent, substantial change in the presence of the atmospheric tracer 14CO in the high latitude Northern Hemisphere. Such changes may well be a reflection of variations in the presence of atmospheric OH and therefore the atmospheric oxidation potential.In this project, researchers at the State University of New York at Stony Brook will measure 14CO at an established site (Westmann Islands, Iceland) and compare with model simulations to test our understanding of the atmospheric oxidation potential. Because 14CO is a cosmogenically produced molecule that reacts almost exclusively with OH, the loss rate can be calculated if the inventory is measured, since the production rate is now well constrained. As a result of efforts by the international modeling community, model simulations of 14CO have improved dramatically with the use of existing 14CO data. Assessing the atmospheric oxidation potential has recently been highlighted as an important research area (Lelieveld et al., 2006; 7th IGAC Conference, 2002: Hot Topic: Stability of Global OH and Detection of OH Trends). The research team will compare their NH data with data from the Southern Hemisphere as well, since sampling sites in the middle and high latitude Southern Hemisphere will be operated, independently but concurrently, by the National Institute for Water and Atmospheres, Crown Research Institute, New Zealand. The research team will also investigate the relative contribution from biomass burning to the CO budget of the Southern Hemisphere during preindustrial times. This will be done by measuring the abundance of the stable C and O isotopes of CO from firn air samples.This project will feature significant international and educational broader impacts. The scope of the research will be fundamentally international in terms of both scientific scope and scientific collaborations. Model development will be spearheaded by Prof. Maarten Krol (Utrecht University, the Netherlands), Dr. Patrick Jöckel (Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany), and Dr. Louisa Emmons (NCAR). Extraction of air from ice samples will take place at the Laboratory for Glaciology and Geophysics, National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), Grenoble, France, in collaboration with Dr. Jerome Chappellaz; and samples collected from the Southern Hemisphere, to be directly compared with our work in the NH, will be carried out by Dr. David Lowe?s research group at the National Institute for Water and Atmosphere, Crown Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand. Collaborations such as these reflect the level of interest in this work by the international community. Because of its relatively high level of enrollment of minority students, SUNY Stony Brook is an excellent recruiting campus for identifying and nurturing underrepresented groups in the atmospheric sciences. The principal investigator plans to recruit and promote qualified, underrepresented minority students into the earth sciences. Undergraduate participation will be encouraged.

与观察结果相比，最近模型模拟的比较表明，在北半球高纬度的大气示踪剂14CO存在下，最近发生了很大的变化。这种变化很可能反映了大气OH存在的变化，因此大气氧化潜力。在该项目中，纽约州立大学Stony Brook大学的研究人员将在既定地点（冰岛韦斯特曼群岛）的14CO测量14CO，并与模型模拟相比，以测试我们对大气氧化潜力的理解。由于14CO是一种宇宙产生的分子，几乎完全与OH反应，因此如果库存测量库存，则可以计算损耗率，因为现在的生产速率现在受到了良好的约束。由于国际建模社区的努力，通过使用现有14CO数据的模型模拟14CO的模型模拟得到了巨大改进。评估研究小组还将将其NH数据与南半球的数据进行比较，因为新西兰皇冠研究所国家水与气氛研究所将独立但同时进行南半球中部和高纬度的采样地点。研究小组还将调查工业前时期生物质燃烧到南半球的CO预算的相对贡献。这将通过测量新型空气样品中CO的稳定C和O同位素的丰度来完成。该项目将具有重大的国际和教育更广泛的影响。就科学范围和科学合作而言，这项研究的范围将在根本上是国际性的。模型开发将由Maarten Krol教授（荷兰Utrecht University），帕特里克·乔克尔（PatrickJöckel）博士（Max Planck化学研究所，德国，德国）和Louisa Emmons（NCAR）（NCAR）率领。从冰样样品中提取空气将在法国格林诺布尔的国家科学研究中心（CNRS）与Jerome Chappellaz博士合作；从南半球收集的样品将与我们在NH的工作直接进行比较，将由新西兰惠灵顿皇冠研究所国家水与大气研究所的David Lowe研究小组进行。诸如此类的合作反映了国际社会对这项工作的兴趣水平。由于其少数族裔学生的入学水平相对较高，SUNY Stony Brook是一个出色的招募校园，可在大气科学中识别和培养代表性不足的群体。首席调查员计划招募和促进合格的，代表性的少数族裔学生进入地球科学。将鼓励本科参与。