The Chemistry and Sources of Carbon Monoxide in Present and Past Atmospheres

现在和过去大气中一氧化碳的化学性质和来源

• 批准号: 1136302
• 负责人: John Mak
• 金额: $ 62.83万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-10-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1136302&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Chemistry; Sources; Carbon; Monoxide; Present; Chemistry; Sources; Carbon; Monoxide; Present

This research effort will (1) quantify temporal variability in contributions of major sources of CO over the past several thousand years and (2) begin to investigate the corresponding trends in OH. The work is motivated by the need to better understand the background chemistry of the CH4-OH-CO system in today's atmosphere relative to the range in variability over the past. OH largely determines both the chemical oxidation mechanisms and the lifetimes of most reactive atmospheric species. Similarly, CO is one of the most important reactive trace gases in the atmosphere because of its combined reactivity and abundance. Because of the close link between CO and CH4, these studies will also help to resolve mechanisms that drove CH4 concentration changes in the past. CO concentration, 13CO, and C18O will be measured in air trapped in archived core samples of firn and ice. Delt17O in CO will be measured as a proxy of large-scale OH abundance and temporal variability. The application of delt17O to constrain atmospheric OH has been demonstrated but a new analytical approach with the capability to characterize low-volume air bubbles in ice cores is required to extend the record to the past. The Principal Investigator (PI) will construct a new analytical system to measure delt17O in CO in low-volume air bubbled based on the system currently used to measure 13C and 18O in CO from ice cores and an offline system designed to measure of delt17O in CO from larger whole air samples.Quantifying OH variability is critical to understanding the overall fast photochemistry of the troposphere (NOx, CO, CH4, VOCs, SOx, secondary aerosols, etc.) and the lifetimes of H-containing greenhouse gases. One postdoctoral scientist and one graduate student will participate in and be trained through this project. In addition, two undergraduate geology majors at Stony Brook who plan to become high school teachers will be mentored by a local high school teacher. These undergraduate students will also mentor high school students in appropriate research topics through the PI's group. This pilot program will be evaluated by all students and teachers/advisors involved and, if successful, a broader program will be implemented.

这项研究工作将（1）量化CO在过去几千年中主要来源的贡献的时间变化，（2）开始研究OH中的相应趋势。 这项工作的激励是，需要更好地了解当今大气中CH4-OH-CO系统的背景化学反应相对于过去的可变性范围。哦，很大程度上决定了化学氧化机制和最具反应性大气物种的寿命。同样，CO是大气中最重要的反应性痕量气体之一，因为它的反应性和丰度综合。由于CO和CH4之间的密切联系，这些研究还将有助于解决使CH4浓度变化的机制。 CO浓度，13CO和C18O将在被困在FIRN和ICE的核心样品中的空气中测量。 CO中的delt17o将作为大规模OH丰度和时间变异性的代理进行测量。 已经证明了Delt17O在约束大气OH上的应用，但是需要一种新的分析方法，具有表征冰芯中低量气泡的能力，以将记录扩展到过去。 首席研究者（PI）将根据当前用于测量CO中的13C和18O在CO中测量13C和18O的系统中的CO中的Delt17O构建新的分析系统，并从冰芯中测量13C和18O，旨在从较大的整个空气中衡量CO中Delt17O的离线系统。气溶胶等）以及含H的温室气体的寿命。一位博士后科学家和一名研究生将参加该项目并接受培训。 此外，斯托尼·布鲁克（Stony Brook）的两个大学地质专业学生计划成为高中老师，将由当地的高中老师指导。 这些本科生还将通过PI小组指导高中生的适当研究主题。该试点计划将由所有参与的学生和教师/顾问评估，如果成功，将实施更广泛的计划。