Collaborative Research: Adiabatic Quantum Computing in Open Systems: Methodology, Performance, and Error Correction

合作研究：开放系统中的绝热量子计算：方法、性能和纠错

• 批准号: 0726439
• 负责人: Daniel Lidar
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-10-01 至 2011-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0726439&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Adiabatic; Quantum; Computing

Quantum computation is a burgeoning field of tremendous promise. It is perhaps best known for two breakthrough algorithms discovered a decade ago, one for cracking public key cryptography and another for fast solutions to optimization problems. Quantum computers can directly solve the equations of quantum mechanics, and so are believed to hold the key to ab initio drug design and materials engineering. This research involves a model called adiabatic quantum computation (AQC) that has attracted the attention of various groups attempting to build quantum computers, especially using superconducting devices. The AQC approach to computation is particularly well suited to optimization problems, since unlike an ordinary "classical" computer, the adiabatic quantum computer can simultaneously explore a multitude of possibilities while tunneling through barriers, as it is searching for the optimal solution.The potential of AQC is exciting, but there are crucial missing elements in AQC theory. Most importantly, the theory of AQC error correction is still primitive, even though error correction will undoubtedly be indispensable for a working AQC. The reason is that quantum computers are particularly sensitive to their interactions with the environment, through a process called decoherence, that rapidly erases their computational power by introducing errors and noise. This research involves the development of a theory of error correction for AQC, as well as detailed insight into specific physical systems that could be used to realize a fault tolerant AQC. At the same time, this research addresses AQC's potential for new algorithms and insight into physical processes like quantum phase transitions. To thoroughly explore error correction in AQC, the investigators are using their experience with noiseless subsystems, dynamical decoupling, and quantum error correcting codes.

量子计算是巨大希望的新兴领域。它可能是十年前发现的两种突破性算法而闻名的，一种是为了破解公共密钥密码学，另一种用于快速解决优化问题的解决方案。量子计算机可以直接求解量子力学的方程式，因此被认为是初始药物设计和材料工程的关键。这项研究涉及一个称为绝热量子计算（AQC）的模型，该模型吸引了试图构建量子计算机的各个组的注意，尤其是使用超导设备。 AQC计算方法特别适合优化问题，因为与普通的“经典”计算机不同，绝热量子计算机可以同时探索多种可能性，同时通过障碍物进行隧道漏洞，因为它正在寻找最佳解决方案。最重要的是，即使误差校正无疑对于工作AQC来说是必不可少的，AQC误差校正的理论仍然是原始的。原因是，量子计算机通过称为逆转的过程对它们与环境的相互作用特别敏感，该过程通过引入错误和噪声来迅速消除其计算能力。这项研究涉及对AQC的误差校正理论的发展，以及对特定物理系统的详细见解，这些系统可用于实现耐受的AQC。同时，这项研究介绍了AQC的新算法潜力，并洞悉量子相变的物理过程。为了彻底探索AQC中的误差校正，研究人员正在利用他们的无噪声子系统，动态解耦和量子误差纠正代码的经验。