Snow Process Studies and Modeling to Improve Arctic Climate Prediction

降雪过程研究和建模以改善北极气候预测

• 批准号: 0714088
• 负责人: Charles Zender
• 金额: $ 51.85万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0714088&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Snow; Process; Studies; Modeling; Improve

Bright surfaces (snow, glaciers, sea-ice, and clouds) make the Arctic uniquely susceptible to the radiatively-induced effects of surface light absorbing carbon (LAC, sometimes referred to as black carbon) and dust, such as ice-albedo feedback amplification. Such feedbacks may make dirty snow more efficacious than greenhouse gases in driving atmospheric temperature change in the Arctic. Dirty snow feedbacks change throughout the aerosol lifecycle in the complex Arctic environment of snowfall, snowpack aging, snow-melt, drainage, and analogous sea-ice processes. The goal of this project is to assess light absorbing aerosol interactions in the coupled Arctic climate system using models which represent the complex surface lifecycles of Arctic snow, LAC, and dust, and which have been evaluated against satellite, in-situ, and laboratory measurements.Funds are provided to use International Polar Year (IPY) field and laboratory measurements to improve the representation of snowpack microphysical processes; to implement and/or refine these processes in arctic land, atmosphere, and sea-ice components of an Earth System Model (ESM); and to use the ESM to upscale and improve quantification of the efficacy of and response to arctic climate forcing in the 20th and 21st centuries.

明亮的表面（雪，冰川，海冰和云层）使北极唯一容易受到吸收碳的辐射诱导的影响（有时被称为黑碳）和灰尘，例如冰 - 阿尔贝托反馈放大。这种反馈可能会使肮脏的积雪比温室气体在北极的大气温度变化方面更有效。在整个气雾剂生命周期中，肮脏的积雪反馈变化在降雪，雪堆衰老，雪融化，排水和类似的海冰工艺的复杂环境中。该项目的目的是使用代表复杂的北极雪，LAC和尘埃表面生命周期的模型来评估耦合北极气候系统中吸收气溶胶相互作用的光，并已针对卫星，现场和实验室测量值进行评估，以使用国际极地测量（IPY）的雪橇量来改善SNOW的代表性，以改善SNOW的代表性。在地球系统模型（ESM）的北极土地，大气和海冰组件中实施和/或完善这些过程；并利用ESM在20世纪和21世纪对北极气候强迫的疗效和对北极气候强迫的疗效的定量。