Nonlinear quantum hydrodynamics in ultracold Bose and Fermi gases

超冷玻色和费米气体中的非线性量子流体动力学

• 批准号: 0652976
• 负责人: Peter Engels
• 金额: $ 33万
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-06-15 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0652976&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nonlinear; quantum; hydrodynamics; ultracold; Bose

This experimental research program investigates quantum hydrodynamics in a deeply nonlinear regime. The proposed experiments build on the recent rapid advances in laser cooling, atom trapping and atom manipulation to study quantum shockwaves in dilute bosonic and fermionic gases, including Bose-Einstein condensates, degenerate Fermi gases, and Bose-Fermi mixtures. These systems will serve as a prototypical, nearly ideal tool to conduct quantum shock experiments. Quantum shocks are governed by dispersion rather than by dissipation and thus differ significantly from classical shocks. They display rich dynamics, including topologically interesting soliton train formation, multiphase behavior and vacuum points. The planned experiments will be of broad interest; related dispersive shocks exist for example in the solar wind and in nonlinear optical media. The experiments will provide students with a great opportunity to gain significant research experience. The diversity of the involved experimental techniques - including lasers and optics, ultrahigh vacuum, electronics, automation programming - provides an ideal training ground for the students. Parts of the technologies developed for the experiments will also be made available to in-class science education, and will be adapted for use in a senior level undergraduate lab class.

该实验研究项目研究深度非线性状态下的量子流体动力学。 拟议的实验建立在激光冷却、原子捕获和原子操纵方面最近快速进展的基础上，研究稀玻色子和费米子气体中的量子冲击波，包括玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体、简并费米气体和玻色-费米混合物。这些系统将作为进行量子激波实验的原型、近乎理想的工具。量子激波受色散而非耗散控制，因此与经典激波有很大不同。 它们表现出丰富的动力学，包括拓扑有趣的孤子列形成、多相行为和真空点。 计划中的实验将引起广泛关注；相关的色散冲击存在于例如太阳风和非线性光学介质中。 这些实验将为学生提供获得重要研究经验的绝佳机会。 所涉及的实验技术的多样性——包括激光和光学、超高真空、电子、自动化编程——为学生提供了理想的训练场地。 为实验开发的部分技术也将用于课堂科学教育，并将适用于高年级本科生实验室课程。