Beam deflection and photoabsorption studies of metal, water, and 'superatom' nanoclusters

金属、水和“超原子”纳米团簇的光束偏转和光吸收研究

• 批准号: 0652534
• 负责人: Vitaly Kresin
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0652534&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Beam; deflection; photoabsorption; studies; metal

Studies of beams of nanoclusters (small-sized aggregates made up of several to several thousand atoms or molecules) utilize atomic and molecular beam concepts and methods to gain insight into the microscopic mechanisms of nano-scale as well as bulk-scale and surface phenomena. This project will utilize laser-induced fragmentation and electric field-induced deviation of metal and water cluster systems possessing strong permanent or induced electric dipole moments. The main goal is to investigate the electric susceptibility of water, metal, and "superatom" clusters as a function of their internal temperature. "Superatoms" are particularly stable and symmetric clusters which have been proposed to possess closed electronic and geometrical shells. The results will reveal such effects as the melting transition of a nanoscale icicle, charge transfer between gold and silver clusters and surface impurities, the formation of "superatomic molecules," and the interplay between electronic and structural motifs as the particle size increases atom-by-atom. The experiments will provide stringent tests and benchmarks for a number of current theoretical models. On the technical side, the broader impact of the project lies in its relevance for understanding nanomaterial building blocks and for optimization of molecular sensors and nanocatalysts. On the human side, the program will offer graduate students thorough training in an inherently interdisciplinary field, promote undergraduate involvement in research, and contribute to interdepartmental recruitment and outreach activities.

对纳米簇的束（由数千到几千个原子或分子组成的小型聚集体）利用原子和分子束概念以及方法来深入了解纳米尺度的显微镜机制，以及块状大小和表面现象。 该项目将利用激光诱导的碎片化以及具有强大或诱导的电偶极矩的金属和水簇系统的电场诱导的偏差。 主要目标是研究水，金属和“超级另一个”簇的电敏感性，其函数的函数是其内部温度的函数。 “ Superatoms”是特别稳定和对称簇，已提出具有封闭的电子和几何壳。 结果将揭示诸如纳米级冰柱的熔融跃迁，金和银簇之间的电荷转移以及表面杂质之间的电荷转移，“超原子分子”的形成以及电子和结构基序之间的相互作用，因为粒径会增加原子。 实验将为许多当前理论模型提供严格的测试和基准。 从技术方面来说，该项目的更广泛影响在于其与了解纳米材料构建块以及优化分子传感器和纳米催化剂的相关性。 在人类方面，该计划将为研究生提供固有的跨学科领域的彻底培训，促进本科参与研究，并为部门间的招聘和外展活动做出贡献。