Highly Reduced Genomes of Coresident Bacterial Symbionts of Xylem-Feeding Insects: Ecological and Evolutionary Implications

木质部喂养昆虫的共存细菌共生体的高度减少的基因组：生态和进化意义

• 批准号: 0626716
• 负责人: Nancy Moran
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-10-01 至 2010-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0626716&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Highly; Reduced; Genomes; Coresident; Bacterial

A grant has been awarded the University of Arizona under the direction of Dr. Nancy A. Moran and Dr. Rod Wing to sequence the highly reduced genomes of bacteria that live as symbionts in xylem-feeding insects. Symbiotic bacteria are critical to the development and reproduction of many plants and animals, and their roles are now being explored using genomic approaches. In many animals, symbionts provision nutrients that are lacking in food. Many plant-feeding insects contain specialized bacterial symbionts that are required for normal development and reproduction. These bacteria have been difficult to study in the past because they cannot be grown outside their hosts. However, the capability to sequence their genomes now allows major new understanding of how these organisms function within their hosts. This project will determine and analyze the genomic sequence of symbionts that live in two insect species called sharpshooters, and a spittlebug species, all of which feed on plant xylem and that vector diseases of many crop plants. Each of these hosts contains a pair of symbiotic bacterial species. New approaches to genome sequence determination will be used in this collaboration between Dr. Moran, who investigates bacterial symbiont genomes, and Dr. Wing, who runs a sequencing and genome analysis center focused on plants. Analysis of the genomic sequence potentially will reveal critical aspects of symbiont biology that can be useful in the control of the hosts, which are significant agricultural pests. Results will be integrated in ongoing science education and outreach projects for college students as well as high school teachers and students.

亚利桑那大学在 Nancy A. Moran 博士和 Rod Wing 博士的指导下获得了一项拨款，用于对以木质部为食的昆虫中作为共生体生活的高度减少的细菌基因组进行测序。 共生细菌对于许多植物和动物的发育和繁殖至关重要，目前正在使用基因组方法探索它们的作用。在许多动物中，共生体提供食物中缺乏的营养。许多以植物为食的昆虫含有正常发育和繁殖所需的特殊细菌共生体。这些细菌过去很难研究，因为它们无法在宿主之外生长。然而，现在对其基因组进行测序的能力使得人们能够对这些生物体如何在宿主体内发挥作用有了新的认识。该项目将确定和分析共生体的基因组序列，这些共生体生活在两种称为神枪手的昆虫物种和一种唾液虫物种中，所有这些昆虫都以植物木质部为食，并传播许多农作物的疾病。每个宿主都含有一对共生细菌。研究细菌共生体基因组的 Moran 博士和经营一家专注于植物的测序和基因组分析中心的 Wing 博士之间的合作将使用确定基因组序列的新方法。对基因组序列的分析可能会揭示共生生物学的关键方面，这些方面可用于控制宿主（这是重要的农业害虫）。 结果将被纳入针对大学生以及高中教师和学生正在进行的科学教育和推广项目中。