Collaborative Proposal: Mineral Ballast and Organic Matter Compositions as Determinants of Particle Settling Velocities and Fluxes in the Sea (MedFlux)

合作提案：矿物压载物和有机物成分作为海洋中颗粒沉降速度和通量的决定因素 (MedFlux)

• 批准号: 0622730
• 负责人: Stuart Wakeham
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Skidaway Institute of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0622730&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Proposal; Mineral; Ballast; Organic

ABSTRACTWith support from this grant, the members of the MedFlux research team at SUNY-Stony Brook, Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, and University of Washington will complete data analysis and informational synthesis of their pioneering study of the fate of biogenic particles falling from the oceanic euphotic zone. The central focus of MedFlux, which began with NSF support four years ago, is to develop a better mechanistic understanding of the "ballast hypothesis," which states that Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) fluxes to the deep ocean and sediments are directly proportional (3-7% OC by weight) to fluxes of "ballast minerals" produced by organisms (opal or carbonate minerals) or introduced into the surface ocean by physical processes. Earlier work (Armstrong et al 2002; Klaas & Archer 2002) showed that the flux of organic carbon at depth can be predicted extremely well (85-90% explained variance) by ballast flux; the types and amounts of mineral ballast introduced to the surface ocean may therefore be critical determinants and predictors of the ocean's ability to take up and store carbon. To advance these studies, the research team also developed specialized sampling devices and protocols for measuring the two fundamental components of flux: particle concentration C(z) and average sinking velocity w ( z) at depth z. With funding under this grant, the team will be able to evaluate fully both the scientific output of the project as well as the performance of the new particulate sampling technology. This research has a number of broader impacts for global carbon cycle and environmental change issues. For example, as pH decreases in response to the continued dissolution of anthropogenic carbon dioxide in the ocean, carbonate minerals may dissolve preferentially, affecting both ballasting and the average remineralization depth of POC in the ocean. This situation would necessitate a mechanism-based understanding of POC ballasting in the ocean. Additionally, MedFlux work will continue to foster international collaborations among three U.S. universities and colleagues in Monaco, France, Spain, and Germany. The project also provides for the support and training of graduate students.

Suny-Stony Brook，Skidaway海洋学研究所和华盛顿大学的MEDFLUX研究团队的成员的AbstractWith支持将完成数据分析和信息综合，以了解其对从海洋兴奋区掉落的生物颗粒命运的开创性研究。 The central focus of MedFlux, which began with NSF support four years ago, is to develop a better mechanistic understanding of the "ballast hypothesis," which states that Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) fluxes to the deep ocean and sediments are directly proportional (3-7% OC by weight) to fluxes of "ballast minerals" produced by organisms (opal or carbonate minerals) or introduced into the surface ocean by physical processes.较早的工作（Armstrong等人2002； Klaas＆Archer 2002）表明，通过压载量可以很好地预测有机碳的通量（85-90％解释的方差）。因此，引入地面海洋的矿物镇流器的类型和量可能是海洋占用和存储碳能力的关键决定因素和预测因素。为了推进这些研究，研究小组还开发了专门的采样设备和方案，用于测量通量的两个基本组成部分：粒子浓度C（z）和深度z处的平均下沉速度W（z）。通过这笔赠款的资金，该团队将能够完全评估项目的科学输出以及新的颗粒抽样技术的性能。这项研究对全球碳循环和环境变化问题产生了更广泛的影响。例如，随着pH值响应于人为二氧化碳在海洋中持续溶解的响应，碳酸盐矿物可能会优先溶解，从而影响镇压和海洋POC的平均回忆深度。这种情况将需要基于机制的海洋POC压载。此外，MedFlux的工作将继续在摩纳哥，法国，西班牙和德国的美国三所大学和同事中促进国际合作。该项目还提供了研究生的支持和培训。