Nuclear Structure, Nuclear Astrophysics and Mesoscopic Physics

核结构、核天体物理学和介观物理学

• 批准号: 0555366
• 负责人: B. Alex Brown
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-06-01 至 2008-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0555366&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nuclear; Structure; Astrophysics; Mesoscopic; Physics

The research proposed encompasses a broad range of topics in nuclear structure theory with applications to nuclear astrophysics and with extensions to other mesoscopic systems. The research projects will have impact on developments in the field of nuclear theory, nuclear astrophysics and the general field of mesoscopic physics. Many of the projects are coupled to the experimental program at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL) and with those at other laboratories. Projects are also coupled with the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA).In a broader context, successful progress in the program is important for our understanding of the basic constituents of matter and nucleosynthesis in the Universe. The studies of many-body properties, chaos and collectivity in nuclear structure, have a strong interdisciplinary aspect since the nucleus is an exemplary case of a self-sustaining finite Fermi-system with strong interactions. The proposed research is expected to help studies in physics of Bose- and Fermi-condensates, complex molecules, solid state microdevices and quantum computing. The proposal has a considerable educational component being part of the highly ranked nuclear physics program at NSCL/MSU.The proposed research relates to broad questions in science including: What are the limits of nuclear stability?, How did the chemical evolution of the Universe proceed?, What are the ways of self-organization in interacting many-body systems? and How does order coexist with chaos and complexity in mesoscopicsystems? Specific topics include: (i) development of new analytical and computational tools for the description of nuclear structure, especially for the nuclei far from stability; (ii) detailed consideration of specific nuclear phenomena and nuclear processes that shed light on the new features encountered with the experimental advances into virgin territory of unstable nuclei; (iii) calculations and modeling of structural and dynamical aspects of nuclear processes of astrophysical interest; (iv) studies of many-body quantum chaos, its coexistence with collective and regular features in nuclear structure, and properties of the nucleus as a mesoscopic system.

该研究提出，核结构理论中涵盖了广泛的主题，并应用于核天体物理学以及对其他介观系统的扩展。 研究项目将对核理论，核天体物理学和介观物理学领域的发展产生影响。许多项目与国家超导回旋实验室（NSCL）以及其他实验室的实验计划结合在一起。项目还与核天体物理学联合研究所（JINA）结合在一起。在更广泛的背景下，该计划的成功进步对于我们对宇宙中物质和核合成基本成分的理解非常重要。对核结构中多体性质，混乱和集体性的研究具有很强的跨学科方面，因为核是具有强烈相互作用的自我维持有限的费米系统的模范情况。 拟议的研究预计将有助于研究玻色和费米键合，复杂分子，固态微发频和量子计算的物理学研究。该提案有一个相当大的教育组成部分是NSCL/MSU上高度排名的核物理计划的一部分。拟议的研究与科学中的广泛问题有关，包括：核稳定性的局限性是什么？，宇宙的化学演化如何进行？，在相互作用的多体系统中自我组织的方法是什么？秩序如何与混乱和介绍系统中的复杂性共存？具体主题包括：（i）开发用于描述核结构的新的分析和计算工具，尤其是对于远离稳定性的核； （ii）详细考虑了特定的核现象和核过程，这些核能和核过程阐明了遇到的新特征，实验进步进入了不稳定核的维珍领土； （iii）天体物理兴趣核过程的结构和动力学方面的计算和建模； （iv）对多体量子混乱的研究，与核结构中的集体和常规特征共存，以及核作为介观系统的特性。