Arctic Surface Air Temperatures for the past 100 years: Analysis and Reconstruction of an integrated data set for Arctic System Science

过去100年的北极表面气温：北极系统科学综合数据集的分析和重建

• 批准号: 0531133
• 负责人: Ignatius Rigor
• 金额: $ 53.31万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-15 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0531133&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Arctic; Surface; Air; Temperatures; past

The Arctic has long been considered a harbinger of global climate change since increases in surface air temperature (SAT) over the globe are amplified in the Arctic. These increases in SAT have a profound impact on many other aspects of Arctic climate and ecology. For example, the thinning and decrease in area of Arctic sea ice has been attributed to increases in SAT, and many plant and animal species have been migrating further north.In order to better understand these processes, accurate fields of SAT are required, but as of yet, a robust gridded data set of SAT of sufficient length is not available over the entire Arctic, e.g. the trends in SAT over the Arctic from 1954 - 2003 shown in the ACIA (2004) report exhibit a "data void" in SAT over the Arctic Ocean. The data sets that are currently available that provide estimates of SAT over the Arctic Ocean begin in 1979 with the increase in buoy observations and satellite derived surface temperatures. There are also some discrepancies between the in situ and satellite derived data sets, e.g. the satellite estimates of trends show cooling over the Arctic during winter where the in situ estimates show that temperatures have warmed. This research will produce authoritative SAT data sets, which cover the Arctic Ocean from 1901 - present, which will be used to better understand Arctic climate change. The primary goal of this study is to understand the causes and effects of the interdecadal variability in Arctic SAT on Arctic and global climate.

长期以来，北极一直被认为是全球气候变化的预兆，因为在北极地区，地面空气温度（SAT）的升高被放大。 SAT的这些增加对北极气候和生态学的许多其他方面都有深远的影响。例如，北极海冰面积的稀疏和减少归因于SAT的增加，许多动植物物种一直在北方迁移。为了更好地理解这些过程，需要准确的SAT领域，但到目前为止，在整个Arctic中，尚未获得足够长的SAT数据集，例如。 ACIA（2004）报告中显示的1954年至2003年北极的趋势在北极海上显示了“数据空隙”。当前可用的数据集可提供北极海洋上SAT的估计值，始于1979年，随着浮标观测和卫星衍生的表面温度的增加。原位和卫星衍生的数据集之间也存在一些差异，例如趋势的卫星估计显示，冬季的原位估计表明温度变暖。这项研究将产生权威的SAT数据集，该数据集涵盖了1901年的北极海洋，该数据集将用于更好地了解北极气候变化。这项研究的主要目的是了解北极和全球气候上北极变异性变异性的原因和影响。