Iraqis' Perceptions of the Past, Present, and Future

伊拉克人对过去、现在和未来的看法

• 批准号: 0522174
• 负责人: Mansoor Moaddel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Eastern Michigan University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0522174&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Iraqis; Perceptions; Past; Present; Future

Mansoor MoaddelRonald InglehartMark TesslerEastern Michigan UniversityThis project continue an NSF-support study that examines change in value orientations of Iraqis within the context of the new and changing political conditions produced by the US-presence in Iraq, the formation of coalition authorities in 2003, the interim government, and new ruling authorities following the January 30, 2005 elections. This study will examine the effect of these conditions on the Iraqis' worldviews. It aims to: (1) explore key features of the worldviews and the long-term concerns of the Iraqi public under the current conditions of political uncertainty, economic difficulties, and social tensions; (2) understand the similarities and differences between these worldviews and those of the Islamic publics of the neighboring countries where survey data are available; (3) understand how Iraqis assess, rethink, and re-form their conceptions of self and others in the coming years; (4) examine how these attitudes are related to the interaction among the middle-layer social institutions, ethnic- and religious-based organizations, occupying authorities, and the ruling elite; (5) explore how new political developments may weaken/strengthen the development of secular feminism and female identity; (6) identify, in light of the existing comparative historical analyses of culture in the Islamic world, the processes that may hinder/promote (a) the rise of Arab nationalism, (b) Iraqi territorial nationalism/supra-tribal nationalism, (c) pan-Islamic nationalism, and (d) tribalnationalism/ethnic identity; and (7) analyze the key ethnic and religious cleavages among the Iraqi public, and how these cleavages may shape the prospects for the emergence of stable democracy in Iraq. Findings from the first Iraqi survey, completed in December 2004, reveal exceptionally high levels of xenophobia and rejection of outgroups among the Iraqi public. Although most Iraqis endorse the norm that ethnic cleavages in their society are artificial and should be disregarded, we find sharp differences between the attitudes and goals of Sunni Arabs, Shi'I Arabs and Sunni Kurds on important questions. The longitudinal design of this project will make it possible to analyze the dynamics of these cleavages and to determine whether they are widening or narrowing-and the factors underlying such trends. Broader Impacts. Knowledge of Iraqi society provided by this survey would potentially be useful in contributing to policy, enhancing understanding between the American and Iraqi publics, and providing the insight into the Iraqi society that is necessary for building a democratic polity. This project will also have far-reaching implications for the social scientific study of the relationships social transformation, state formation, foreign occupation, and the development of culture and identity formation.

Mansoor Moaddelronald Inglehartmark密歇根大学的大学项目继续进行NSF-Support研究，该项目在伊拉克在伊拉克的Us-Presence产生的新的和不断变化的政治条件下，伊拉克人的价值方向的变化，2003年的联盟机构成立，临时政府以及新的裁决，2005年1月30日，2005年，政府的形成。这项研究将研究这些条件对伊拉克世界观的影响。它的目的是：（1）在政治不确定性，经济困难和社会紧张局势的当前条件下，探索世界观的关键特征以及伊拉克公众的长期关注； （2）了解这些世界观与可获得调查数据的邻国伊斯兰公众之间的相似性和差异； （3）了解伊拉克人如何在未来几年评估，重新考虑和重新形成对自我和他人的观念； （4）研究这些态度与中层社会机构，族裔和宗教组织，占领当局以及统治精英之间的相互作用如何相关； （5）探索新的政治发展如何削弱/加强世俗女权主义和女性身份的发展； （6）根据伊斯兰世界中文化的现有比较历史分析，可能会阻碍/促进的过程（a）阿拉伯民族主义的兴起，（b）伊拉克领土民族主义/上部民族主义，（c）泛 - 伊斯兰民族主义，以及（d）部落主义/民族/民族的认同； （7）分析伊拉克公众之间的主要种族和宗教分裂，以及这些分裂如何影响伊拉克稳定民主的前景。 2004年12月完成的第一项伊拉克调查的发现表明，仇外心理的水平异常高以及拒绝伊拉克公众的群体。尽管大多数伊拉克人都赞同社会中种族分裂是人为的，应被忽略的规范，但我们发现逊尼派阿拉伯人，什叶派阿拉伯人和逊尼派库尔德人的态度和目标之间存在巨大差异。该项目的纵向设计将使分析这些分裂的动态并确定它们是在扩大或缩小的动力以及这种趋势的因素。更广泛的影响。 这项调查提供的伊拉克社会的知识可能有助于促进政策，增强美国和伊拉克公众之间的理解，并提供对建立民主政体必要的伊拉克社会的见解。该项目还将对社会转型，国家形成，外国职业以及文化和身份形成的发展社会科学研究具有深远的影响。