In Search of a Sociopolitical Community: The Cases of Egypt, Iran, and Jordan

寻找社会政治共同体：埃及、伊朗和约旦的案例

• 批准号: 0097282
• 负责人: Mansoor Moaddel
• 金额: $ 12.28万
• 依托单位: Eastern Michigan University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-01 至 2003-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0097282&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Search; Sociopolitical; Community; Cases; Egypt

The project consists of conducting face-to-face interviews on worldviews of the publics of Egypt, Iran and Jordan. The study builds upon a NSF-funded pilot study that was designed and executed in collaboration with social scientists from the three countries. The purpose of these surveys of representative national samples is to: (1) analyze the value orientation of the publics; (2) understand the connection between social groups and value structures; (3) assess in conjunction with the existing comparative historical research the connection between secularization in the three countries and rational-legal authority and liberal democracy; (4) to explore the extent and forms of religiosity, and the relationships between religion and gender and between religion and nationalism; and (5) examine the degree of concordance of values in these societies. The project is informed by a set of historically significant issues raised in more than a century of ideological contentions that transpired in these countries. The historical social transformation of Egypt, Iran, and Jordan in the modern era did not produce a national consensus in these countries regarding the most fundamental principles of social organization, such as the form of government, appropriate economic model, the relationship with the outside world, the status of women and a national identity. Instead these societies experienced different cultural movements based on diverse values structures. The included liberal-nationalism, Islamic modernism, pan Arab nationalism (in Egypt and Jordan) and Islamic fundamentalism. Several questions will be examined in this study.(1) To what extent is there public support for these diverse value structures in Egypt, Iran and Jordan? Do these value structures correspond to diverse social groups and classes?(2) How do value structures of the publics of Egypt, Iran and Jordan differ from each other? To what extent is there a shared set of beliefs among the peoples of these societies?(3) How widespread are fundamentalist religious beliefs among these publics? What factors are conducive of these beliefs?(4) How strong is support for democracy? How widespread are related orientations such as interpersonal trust and tolerance? What factors are conductive to a democratic political culture?(5) Do basic sociological generalizations hold in Islamic societies? Is there a positive correlation between class and religiosity and between religious and political participation? Are women more religious than men in these societies are?The surveys are being conducted as part of the World Value Survey and key items on value orientations are the same one that have been included on surveys in a number of other countries will be included. It is thus possible to analyze data from the Islamic world using comparative yardsticks that make the findings meaningful in a global context.

该项目包括对埃及，伊朗和约旦公众的世界观进行面对面的访谈。 该研究基于一项由NSF资助的试点研究，该研究是与三个国家的社会科学家合作设计和执行的。这些代表性国家样本调查的目的是：（1）分析公众的价值取向； （2）了解社会群体与价值结构之间的联系； （3）与现有的比较历史研究一起评估三个国家的世俗化与理性法律权威与自由民主之间的联系； （4）探讨宗教与宗教与性别之间以及宗教与民族主义之间的关系的程度和形式； （5）检查这些社会中价值观的一致性程度。 该项目由在这些国家发生的一个多世纪的意识形态论点中提出的一系列历史上重要的问题所告知。 埃及，伊朗和约旦在现代时代的历史社会转型并未在这些国家就社会组织的最基本原则（例如政府形式，适当的经济模式，与外界的关系，妇女的地位和民族认同的关系）产生民族共识。 相反，这些社会基于各种价值结构经历了不同的文化运动。 包括的自由民族主义，伊斯兰现代主义，泛阿拉伯民族主义（埃及和约旦）和伊斯兰原教旨主义。 （1）在埃及，伊朗和约旦在多大程度上对这些不同的价值结构有公众的支持？这些价值结构是否对应于不同的社会群体和阶级？（2）埃及，伊朗和约旦公众的价值结构如何彼此不同？ 这些社会的民族之间在多大程度上有共同的信仰？（3）这些公众之间的原教旨主义宗教信仰如何普遍？ 哪些因素有利于这些信念？（4）对民主的支持有多强？ 相关方向（例如人际信任和宽容）的广泛性是如何的？ 民主政治文化是什么因素？（5）基本的社会学概括在伊斯兰社会中是否存在？ 阶级与宗教信仰之间以及宗教与政治参与之间是否存在正相关？ 在这些社会中，女性比男性更宗教吗？作为世界价值调查的一部分进行调查，价值取向的关键项目与已包括在其他许多国家 /地区的调查中。 因此，可以使用比较码数在全球背景下有意义的发现有意义地分析伊斯兰世界的数据。