Collaborative research--Terrestrial Effects of an Aquatic Invader: Does Regional Context Change the Impact of Fish Invasion on Energy Flow to Riparian Predators?

合作研究——水生入侵者的陆地效应：区域环境是否会改变鱼类入侵对河岸捕食者能量流的影响？

• 批准号: 0516136
• 负责人: Colden Baxter
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Idaho State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-10-01 至 2009-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0516136&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; research; Terrestrial; Effects; Aquatic

Biological invasions are one of two main causes of the rapid loss of species worldwide, and may contribute to the predicted loss of two-thirds of all species by the end of this century. Invasions of nonnative species not only have direct effects (competition, predation), but also indirect effects that cascade through food webs and into other ecosystems. For example, recent research in Japan showed that the indirect effects of nonnative invading rainbow trout on stream food webs reduced the amount of adult aquatic insects emerging from the stream and caused a 65% decline in streamside spiders. By extension, streamside birds also gain about 25% of their energy from emerging insects, so invading trout could affect them as well. This project will study the effect of nonnative brook trout invasions in Rocky Mountain streams, an even more widespread invasion that affects thousands of stream miles. This study will test whether these fish invaders have similar direct effects on native cutthroat trout as rainbow trout do on native fish in Japan. It will also examine whether these effects propagate through the stream food web and reduce emerging aquatic insects that feed streamside spiders. These effects will be measured directly and indirectly by using a stable isotope of nitrogen. This work will be performed in stream sections where nonnative brook trout are removed and compared to those where they have invaded, and along a gradient from central to northern Rocky Mountain streams. This study will have applied implications for the fisheries management of these stream systems.

生物入侵是全球迅速丧失物种的两个主要原因之一，可能会导致预测到本世纪末所有物种的三分之二。 非本地物种的入侵不仅具有直接影响（竞争，捕食），而且还具有通过食物网和其他生态系统级联的间接影响。 例如，日本最近的研究表明，非本地彩虹鳟鱼对溪流食品网的间接影响减少了从溪流中出现的成年水生昆虫的数量，并导致溪流蜘蛛的下降65％。 从扩展中，溪流鸟也从新兴昆虫中获得了约25％的能量，因此入侵的鳟鱼也会影响它们。 该项目将研究落基山溪（Rocky Mountain Streams）中非本地溪流鳟鱼入侵的效果，这是一种更广泛的入侵，影响了数千英里。 这项研究将测试这些鱼类入侵者是否对本地cutthroat鳟鱼具有类似的直接影响，就像彩虹鳟鱼对日本本地鱼类一样。 它还将检查这些作用是否通过溪流食品网繁殖并减少喂养溪流蜘蛛的新兴水生昆虫。 这些效应将通过使用稳定的氮同位素直接和间接测量。 这项工作将在溪流部分中进行，在该部分中，将非本地溪鳟鱼与入侵的溪流进行比较，并沿着从中部到北部落基山脉的梯度进行渐变。 这项研究将对这些流系统的渔业管理具有影响。