DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Nonlinear effects of nutrient loading on stream nutrient processing: Are they driven by shifts in biofilm community dynamics?

论文研究：养分负荷对河流养分处理的非线性影响：它们是由生物膜群落动态变化驱动的吗？

• 批准号: 0910168
• 负责人: Colden Baxter
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: Idaho State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-01 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0910168&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Nonlinear; effects; nutrient

Nutrient loading to streams from adjacent land surfaces can either be retained by the stream organisms or exported downstream. This research will investigate how land use influences nutrient removal by the thin mats of algae and microbes that cover most substrates in streams (biofilms). Understanding how changes in biofilm composition can affect nutrient removal is essential as land use change continues to increase worldwide. Studies have often focused on the consequences of altering availability of a single resource such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), or carbon. Many changes in land use result in changes in the availability of more than one resource, thus, there is a need to better understand the potential interactions of simultaneously varying multiple resources on biofilm community composition. Experiments supported by this award will quantify the changes that occur in the composition and function of stream biofilm in response to varied resource gradients by manipulating N+P and carbon concentrations in experimental chambers. As landscapes are increasingly impacted by agriculture, urbanization, and industrialization, understanding the response of stream ecosystems to nutrient loading will help predict nutrient retention and export capacity of surface waters. This research will identify how biofilm community interactions alter nutrient cycling and inform land managers of potential consequences of changes in land use.

来自相邻陆地表面的流到溪流的营养负荷可以由溪流生物保留或下游出口。这项研究将研究土地利用如何影响藻类和微生物的薄垫，覆盖溪流中大多数底物（生物膜）的养分。了解生物膜成分的变化如何影响营养的去除至关重要，因为土地利用变化在全球范围内继续增加。研究通常集中于改变单一资源（例如氮（N），磷（P）或碳的可用性的后果。土地使用的许多变化导致多种资源的可用性变化，因此，有必要更好地了解同时改变生物膜社区组成的多个资源的潜在相互作用。该奖项支持的实验将量化响应于各种资源梯度的变化，通过操纵N+P和实验室中的碳浓度来量化。随着景观受到农业，城市化和工业化的影响，了解溪流生态系统对养分负荷的反应将有助于预测养分保留和地表水的出口能力。这项研究将确定生物膜社区的互动如何改变营养自行车，并向土地经理告知土地使用变化的潜在后果。