Forager-Farmer Encounters in the Balkans: Spatial Distribution of the Lepenski Vir Culture

巴尔干地区采集者与农民的相遇：莱彭斯基维尔文化的空间分布

• 批准号: 0442096
• 负责人: T. Douglas Price
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-11-15 至 2005-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0442096&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Forager; Farmer; Encounters; Balkans; Spatial

In the Fall of 2004, with the support provided by the National Science Foundation, an international team of archaeologists, geologists and speleologists under the supervision of Dr. Dusan Boric will conduct research in the Danube Gorges region of the north-central Balkans, in present-day Serbia. The project examines the nature of culture contact and exchange in the transition to agriculture in south-eastern Europe, which remains one of the central questions of European Prehistory. The exploratory research to be conducted in this region focuses on an unexplored area between Mesolithic foraging groups found along the Danube banks and more inland Early Neolithic farming settlements in the surrounding regions of the Balkans.After the initial discovery of a very rich archaeological sequence of Mesolithic settlements along the Danube banks in the Iron Gates/Danube Gorges region in 1965 and their subsequent rescue excavations in the late 1960s and early 1970s, no field-work has been conducted in this area. On the basis of the material culture found at extensively excavated Mesolithic/foraging sites on the Danube, there is evidence of significant diffusion of Early Neolithic pottery and other portable items characterizing the Early Neolithic/farming communities with the staring date of around 6300 BC. These data speak to the contact and exchange between two different culture groups. However, very little is known about the nature of this contact between foragers and farmers since the area of the Danube Gorges hinterlands, away from the Danube banks and the region beyond the cliffs of the gorges, remains archaeologically unexplored. Consequently, the current project seeks to conduct an archaeological survey and explore the area between foraging and farming settlements. The survey area encompasses the karstic landscape of the Miroc Mountain Plateau in Serbia that is characterized by numerous caves and rockshelters, which are the primary targets.Research strategy is designed to proceed in three phases: 1) to survey the existing caves and rockshelters in order to provide a 'short-list' of the most promising among the existing sites for an archaeological exploration; 2) to core sediments of six caves/rockshelters in order to determine their stratigraphies and the nature of sedimentation in them; and 3) to excavate test pits in two caves that provide the most promising stratigraphies of Mesolithic-Neolithic periods.The project has the potential to provide vital new data that would make a significant impact on the current discussion with regard to the transition to farming in southeastern Europe. On the theoretical level the project will provide the possibility to examine some of the central questions of archaeological and anthropological theory, namely the questions of culture identity, contact and exchange between different populations and cultural phenomena.On a broader level this research project will bring together professors and students from the host country (Serbia) and international researchers, and provide the Serbian university students with the opportunity to learn and train with archaeologists who were trained at USA and UK universities.

在2004年秋天，在国家科学基金会提供的支持下，在杜桑博士的监督下，国际考古学家，地质学家和史密斯科学家团队将在当今塞尔维亚中部巴尔干地区的多瑙河戈尔斯地区进行研究。该项目研究了在东南欧的过渡到农业的文化接触和交流的性质，这仍然是欧洲史前史的中心问题之一。 The exploratory research to be conducted in this region focuses on an unexplored area between Mesolithic foraging groups found along the Danube banks and more inland Early Neolithic farming settlements in the surrounding regions of the Balkans.After the initial discovery of a very rich archaeological sequence of Mesolithic settlements along the Danube banks in the Iron Gates/Danube Gorges region in 1965 and their subsequent rescue excavations在1960年代末和1970年代初，该地区没有进行野外工作。根据在多瑙河上广泛发掘的中石器/觅食地点发现的物质培养，有证据表明，早期的新石器时代陶器和其他便携式物品和其他便携式物品，这些物品表征了早期的新石器时代/农业社区，其凝视日期约为6300 bc。这些数据与两个不同文化群体之间的接触和交流有关。但是，自多瑙河山地腹地（Danube Gorges Hinterlands）地区，远离多瑙河河岸和峡谷悬崖之外的地区以来，觅食者和农民之间这种接触的性质知之甚少，在考古学上仍未得到探索。 因此，目前的项目试图进行考古调查并探索觅食和农业定居点之间的区域。调查区域涵盖了塞尔维亚的Miroc Mountain Plateau的Karstic景观，其特征是众多洞穴和岩石壳，这是主要的目标。研究策略旨在分为三个阶段：1），以调查现有的洞穴和岩石罩，以便在现有现有地点中提供最有前途的现有地点，以供大考的现有地点，以供考古学探索； 2）为了确定它们的地层和沉积性质，以确定其六个洞穴/岩壳的核心沉积物； 3）要在两个洞穴中挖掘测试坑，这些洞穴提供了中石器时代 - 神经时期的最有希望的地层。该项目有可能提供重要的新数据，这将对当前关于东南欧农业过渡的讨论产生重大影响。在理论层面上，该项目将提供可能研究考古学和人类学理论的一些主要问题，即文化认同的问题，不同人群和文化现象之间的联系，接触和交流。在更广泛的水平上，该研究项目将把教授和学生从托管国家（塞尔维亚）和国际研究人员中培训，并在美国培训了库培和培训库夫人的学生，并培训了塞尔比亚大学的学生。