Dissertation Research: Human Harvest of Snow Lotus (Saussurea laniceps and S. medusa)

论文研究：雪莲花（Saussurea laniceps 和 S. medusa）的人类收获

• 批准号: 0408123
• 负责人: Jan Salick
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Missouri Botanical Garden
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-06-01 至 2006-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0408123&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Human; Harvest; Snow

Tibetan medicinal plants have recently become popular in China, Japan, Europe, and the United States. Snow Lotus (Saussurea laniceps and S. medusa) are slow-growing plants that may not be able to withstand the harvesting pressures necessary to sustain global demand. Past studies have primarily focused on harvesting effects on population growth rates. However, these studies have not considered additional evolutionary and ecological effects that harvesting produces (e.g., alteration of a trait as human-mediated selection removes plants with certain qualities, or interference with essential pollinators). These effects play a large role in destabilization of plant populations. By monitoring plants under heavy collection pressure and those protected from collection in sacred areas, this study analyzes harvesting effects of Snow Lotus. These plants are particularly susceptible to harvesting effects because collection of the whole plant occurs during the plant's only flowering stage, before pollination and fertilization occurs. First, the investigators will gather demographic information and use matrix models to study the effects of plant removal on the population growth rate. Second, they will assess the evolutionary impact that selection may have on the size of the plants by using historic data provided by herbarium specimens. Finally, the consequence of harvesting (reduced population density) on the interaction of Snow Lotus and its pollinators will be examined. This information will help provide a scientific basis for determining the level of threat to Snow Lotus. This study will not only help provide information on effects of harvesting, but will also have broader impacts in supporting the conservation of threatened plants that are important components of Tibetan medicinal culture.

藏族药用植物最近在中国，日本，欧洲和美国变得流行。 Snow Lotus（Saussurea Laniceps和S. Medusa）是生长缓慢的植物，可能无法承受维持全球需求所需的收获压力。 过去的研究主要集中于收获对人口增长率的影响。 但是，这些研究并未考虑收获产生的其他进化和生态影响（例如，作为人介导的选择的特征改变，可以消除具有某些品质的植物，或者对必需的授粉媒介的干扰）。 这些效果在植物种群的不稳定中起着很大的作用。 通过监测沉重的收集压力下的植物，并在神圣地区受到保护的植物，本研究分析了雪莲花的收获作用。 这些植物特别容易受到收获作用的影响，因为在授粉和施肥发生之前，整个植物的收集发生在植物唯一的开花阶段。 首先，研究人员将收集人口统计信息，并使用矩阵模型研究植物清除对人口增长率的影响。 其次，他们将通过使用植物标本室标本提供的历史数据来评估选择可能对植物规模的进化影响。 最后，将检查收获（种群密度降低）对雪莲花及其传粉媒介相互作用的后果。 这些信息将有助于确定对雪莲花的威胁水平的科学依据。 这项研究不仅将有助于提供有关收获影响的信息，而且还将在支持受威胁植物的保护方面产生更广泛的影响，这是藏族药物文化的重要组成部分。