Doctoral Dissertation Research: Human mobility and infectious disease transmission in the context of market integration

博士论文研究：市场一体化背景下的人员流动与传染病传播

• 批准号: 2341234
• 负责人: Charles Nunn
• 金额: $ 4.03万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-02-15 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2341234&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Human; mobility; Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Human; mobility

The transition from subsistence to market-based livelihoods (market integration) is quickly transforming human health. Much of the research on market integration and health has emphasized the shift away from infectious diseases to chronic, non-communicable ones. However, rapid changes in land use that co-occur with shifts to commercial agriculture position rural/low-resource communities at the frontlines of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. It is thus vital to build knowledge of how economic markets connect rural communities with more central towns, potentially facilitating the spread of a local outbreak to a regional (or even global) scale. This doctoral dissertation research contributes to fundamental knowledge on the interactions between market integration, human movement patterns, and infectious disease transmission in local and regional contexts. This research can be shared with key stakeholders and public health decision makers and help build local research capacity through the training of students in network analysis methods. Human movement patterns are complex among the rural/low-resource settings where novel infectious diseases are most likely to emerge. This project uses leading-edge computational and serological methods to develop a richer understanding of how social change transforms disease ecology. The investigators use detailed survey data on individual-level travel behavior to construct a regional network of villages and towns connected by mobility patterns. This network provides a foundation for conducting computer simulations to understand how changes in market-related activities affect the regional spread of infectious diseases. The investigators also use serological assays to quantify individual-level exposure to a diverse range of viruses, which provides insight into how market integration influences the types of viruses people are exposed to and how they spread among communities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

从生存到基于市场的生计（市场融合）的过渡正在迅速改变人类健康。关于市场融合和健康的许多研究都强调了从传染病转向慢性疾病的转变。但是，在新兴和重新出现的传染病的前线上，与商业农业/低资源社区转向商业农业/低资源社区的土地利用的快速变化。因此，至关重要的是要建立经济市场如何将农村社区与更多中央城镇联系起来，从而有可能促进当地爆发到地区（甚至全球）规模的传播。这项博士学位论文研究有助于对当地和地区环境中市场融合，人类运动模式和传染病传播之间相互作用的基本知识。这项研究可以与主要利益相关者和公共卫生决策者共享，并通过在网络分析方法中培训学生来帮助建立本地研究能力。人类运动模式在农村/低资源环境中很复杂，在这种环境中，新型传染病最有可能出现。该项目使用领先的计算和血清学方法来发展对社会变革如何改变疾病生态的丰富理解。调查人员使用有关个人级别旅行行为的详细调查数据来构建通过流动性模式相连的村庄和城镇的区域网络。该网络为进行计算机模拟的基础提供了基础，以了解与市场相关活动的变化如何影响传染病的区域传播。调查人员还使用血清学测定来量化各种病毒范围的个人水平接触，这可以洞悉市场整合如何影响人们接触的病毒类型以及他们如何在社区之间传播。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的知识优点和广泛影响来评估NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得的支持。