Collaborative Research: The Cariaco Basin Oceanographic Time Series Program

合作研究：卡里亚科盆地海洋学时间序列计划

• 批准号: 0326268
• 负责人: Frank Muller-Karger
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of South Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-10-01 至 2010-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0326268&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Cariaco; Basin; Oceanographic

ABSTRACTOCE-0326268 / OCE-0326175 / OCE-0326313This project constitutes the continuation of the Cariaco Basin Oceanographic Time Series Program (CARIACO). The research team is composed of investigators from the University of South Florida, State University of New York at Stony Brook, and the University of South Carolina at Columbia in the United States and their Venezuelan colleagues at Fundacion La Salle, Universidad Simon Bolivar, Universidad de Oriente, Centro de Procesamiento de Imagenes, and CONICIT/FONACIT. CARIACO collects systematic oceanographic measurements at 10'30' N, 64'40' W in order to understand the relationships between changes in climate, hydrography, and sediment production and accumulation in the Cariaco Basin. Cariaco is a 1,400-m deep depression on the Venezuelan continental margin that is openly connected to the surface Atlantic Ocean above a shallow (~140 m) sill. Because turnover of basin waters is slow, decomposition of sinking material leads to permanent anoxia below about 275 m. An excellent sediment record that is widely used to study Holocene and late Pleistocene changes in climate is preserved in this natural sediment trap. In this context, the time series provides information on modern biogeochemical processes that will serve as a basis for accurately interpreting this sediment archive of climate change. Data collected under this program and results are publicly available via an Internet server (http://imars.usf.edu) upon passing quality control, within periods ranging from weeks to 24 months depending on the difficulty of processing an observation. Data, samples, and bunk space on cruises are also routinely made available upon request.Continuation of the CARIACO program is expected to yield (1) a time series of variability in upwelling of Subtropical Underwater in the Cariaco Basin, including lateral motion, and its impact on primary productivity and vertical flux of particulate matter; (2) the first direct calibration and concurrent cross-reference of various proxies of sea surface temperature (and therefore of paleotemperature) of the Cariaco Basin; (3) clarification of the relative importance of near-surface biological processes, lateral transport, and chemoautotrophy as sources of particulates, (4) an assessment of whether variability in particle flux is driven primarily by local winds or by regional oceanographic processes at the scale of the Tropical Atlantic, and (5) an evaluation of whether changes in nutrient availability or limitation result in major ecosystem regime shifts. This program will fully utilize available satellite observations and meteorological records for the region.CARIACO is an IGBP-LOICZ (Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone) program with objectives that are relevant to the "U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Plan" and the OCTET (Ocean Carbon Transport, Exchanges and Transformations) planning initiatives. In this sense, the time series will help elucidate the connection between ocean processes and phenomena like climate change, which operates on a variety of time scales including those relevant to society, and which many scientists think is intricately linked to the tropics. CARIACO measurements may also for example help understand processes that affect regional fisheries and catastrophic weather patterns.An important contribution is the infrastructure for third parties to establish complementary or independent interdisciplinary process studies in the Cariaco Basin. The impact of results from such studies combined with those from CARIACO will be much larger than those possible from individual studies.The time series program also has technology transfer and human resource development impact in Latin America. The program nurtures scientific cooperation with Venezuela, a country of strategic importance to the United States. The program has been maintained through a collaborative effort between the University of South Florida, University of South Carolina, Stony Brook University, Fundacion La Salle, Universidad Simon Bolivar, Universidad de Oriente, Centro de Procesamiento de Imagenes, and CONICIT/FONACIT, with the latter five institutions located in Venezuela. This has provided an opportunity for Venezuelan and other regional scientists to participate in logistics planning, fieldwork, data analysis, and joint publications within a large program, and to participate in a project that addresses issues of both local and global relevance.This program has significant educational impact on minority students in the U.S. and on students and scientists in the Caribbean and Latin America. The Venezuelan government considers CARIACO the most significant oceanographic research program ever conducted in Venezuela.

Abstractoce-0326268 / OCE-0326175 / OCE-0326313这个项目构成Cariaco盆地海洋学时间序列计划（CARIACO）的延续。 该研究团队由南佛罗里达大学，纽约州立大学斯托尼·布鲁克大学以及美国哥伦比亚大学的南卡罗来纳大学及其委内瑞拉大学同事在Fundacion la Salle的委内瑞拉同事组成 Cariaco在10'30'n，64'40'W时收集系统的海洋学测量，以了解Cariaco盆地气候，水文产生和沉积物的变化与积累的变化之间的关系。卡里亚科（Cariaco）是委内瑞拉大陆边缘的1,400米深凹陷，该凹陷与浅层（〜140 m）斜纹的地面大西洋公开相连。因为盆地水的营业额很慢，所以沉没材料的分解会导致长达275 m以下的永久缺氧。在此天然沉积物陷阱中保留了广泛用于研究全新世和更新世变化的出色沉积物记录。在这种情况下，时间序列提供了有关现代生物地球化学过程的信息，这些信息将作为准确解释气候变化的沉积物档案的基础。在此程序下收集的数据，结果可通过Internet服务器（http://imars.usf.edu）在通过质量控制后公开获得，范围从几周到24个月不等，具体取决于处理观察的困难。巡航上的数据，样品和双层空间也应要求提供。Cariaco计划的连接预计将产生（1）在Cari​​aco盆地中亚热带下水的上升流动性上的时间序列，包括侧向运动，包括侧向运动及其对主要生产力和颗粒物质的影响； （2）Cariaco盆地的各种海面温度（并因此）的第一个直接校准和同时的交叉引用； （3）阐明近地面生物学过程，横向运输和化学植物作为颗粒物来源的相对重要性，（4）评估颗粒通量的可变性是局部风的变异性是由当地风还是由区域海洋学的主要海洋过程驱动，主要是在热带伊斯兰大西洋的规模上以及（5）exty cripsy codity codity codity codity coditique contime contime contime codity contime coditique contient ablessy contiment的评估。该计划将充分利用该地区的可用卫星观测和气象记录。Cariaco是IGBP-Loicz（沿海地区的土地互动）计划，其目标与“美国碳循环科学计划”和八位八角（海洋碳运输，交换和转型）计划的目标相关。从这个意义上讲，时间序列将有助于阐明海洋过程与气候变化等现象之间的联系，气候变化在包括与社会相关的时间范围内运作，并且许多科学家认为这与热带地区相关。 Cariaco的测量还可以例如帮助了解影响区域渔业和灾难性天气模式的过程。重要的贡献是第三方在Cari​​aco Basin中建立互补或独立的跨学科过程研究的基础设施。这些研究的结果与Cariaco的结果相结合的影响将远大于单个研究的可能性。时间序列计划还具有技术转移和人力资源开发在拉丁美洲的影响。该计划与委内瑞拉培养科学合作，委内瑞拉是一个对美国的战略重要性的国家。该计划是通过南佛罗里达大学，南卡罗来纳大学，斯托尼·布鲁克大学，Fundacion la Salle，Simon Simon Bolivar大学，Oriente大学，Oriente大学，Centro de procesamient de Imagenes和ConiTICT/Fonacit的Cone/Fonacit上的合作努力来维护的。这为委内瑞拉和其他区域科学家提供了一个机会，可以参与大型计划中的物流规划，现场工作，数据分析和共同出版物，并参与一个解决地方和全球相关性问题的项目。该计划对美国以及里中的里中的少数群体以及驯鹿和拉丁美洲的学生和科学家产生了重大的教育影响。委内瑞拉政府认为卡里亚科是委内瑞拉有史以来最重要的海洋学研究计划。