Phylogeny and Classification of World Hydropsychidae, with a Revision of Chinese Species and Description of Their Larvae

世界水螅科的系统发育和分类，以及中国物种的修订及其幼虫的描述

• 批准号: 0316504
• 负责人: John Morse
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Clemson University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-08-01 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0316504&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Phylogeny; Classification; World; Hydropsychidae; Revision

With 1462 species in 52 genera, the cosmopolitan family Hydropsychidae is one of the most-speciose families of caddisflies (Trichoptera). Although the Oriental Region is one of the world's most unexplored, about one-third of all described caddisfly species occur there. Hydropsychids are the most commonly encountered caddisflies in Asian streams. In their role as predators and collecting-filterers, larval hydropsychids are key components for the processing of nutrients in stream ecosystems and they govern the densities of many prey, host, and predator species in those ecosystems. Larvae of species in the family are very important as subjects of biomonitoring efforts because they display a wider range of tolerances for pollution than almost every other family of aquatic insects and occur in samples of benthic organisms from all but the most polluted streams. Poor water quality is a very serious problem in Southeast Asia. We will organize the classification of the Hydropsychidae of China, reviewing the known fauna and describing the many species awaiting description and those to be captured on expeditions. It is important to be able to identify (associate) larvae, because the immature stages are the ones that are exposed to pollution. We will associate and describe larvae of Chinese hydropsychids. We will infer the relationships among world genera and revise the family-group classification of the family. This project will be accomplished primarily by a PhD student in each of three laboratories: Mr. Sun Chianghai at Nanjing Agricultural University, Mr. Zhou Xin at Rutgers University, and Ms. Christy Jo Geraci at Clemson University. These three students will cooperate intensively. Mr. Sun will review known Chinese species, describe the new species currently on hand, and describe additional new species captured during two 30-day expeditions he will lead to Guangdong, Guangxi, and Fujian Provinces in China. Using DNA sequences from specimens collected on these expeditions and coordinated projects, Mr. Zhou will associate yet-unidentifiable larvae with identifiable adults and describe the associated larvae. Ms. Geraci will review previous and new morphological characters of all world genera. Then, using DNA sequences from specimens already in hand, together with sequences of specimens collected in China and obtained with assistance of colleagues in Australia, Thailand, New Zealand, New Caledonia, Malaysia, South Africa, and Brazil, she will infer relationships among world hydropsychid genera (on which classification is based) from combined-data.We expect at least to double the number of species of hydropsychids in China known to science. By describing the yet-unknown larvae of many hydropsychid species, we will lay the foundation for future ecological research and biomonitoring refinement in and around China. Research globally in this family will be facilitated conceptually by the phylogeny of world genera and resulting revision of family-group taxa that we will accomplish in this investigation. The proposed research advances discovery and understanding while training three Ph.D. scientists, two of whom are Chinese, the other a U.S. female. The research establishes partnerships between Rutgers and Clemson Universities and Nanjing Agricultural Universities and extends a highly productive 15-year partnership between Clemson and Nanjing that constitutes a widely respected model of Sino-American cooperation. Results will be disseminated broadly through professional publications and public media such as the World Wide Web and GenBank. Especially notable will be the extension of US-initiated technology to a rapidly deteriorating global problem of water pollution: results of this research will go a long way toward enabling effective biomonitoring of water pollution problems in China and refining understanding of a pollution-sensitive group of animals distributed globally, including the U.S.

水蝇科 (Hydropsychidae) 拥有 52 属 1462 种物种，是石蛾科 (Trichoptera) 中物种最丰富的科之一。 尽管东方地区是世界上最未开发的地区之一，但所描述的所有石蛾物种中约有三分之一出现在那里。 水甲虫是亚洲溪流中最常见的石蛾。 作为捕食者和收集过滤者，水螟幼虫是溪流生态系统中营养物质加工的关键组成部分，它们控制着这些生态系统中许多猎物、寄主和捕食者物种的密度。 该科物种的幼虫作为生物监测工作的对象非常重要，因为它们比几乎所有其他水生昆虫科表现出更广泛的污染耐受性，并且存在于除污染最严重的溪流之外的所有底栖生物样本中。 水质差是东南亚非常严重的问题。我们将组织中国水螅科的分类，回顾已知的动物区系，描述许多等待描述的物种和在探险中捕获的物种。 能够识别（关联）幼虫非常重要，因为未成熟阶段是暴露于污染的阶段。 我们将联系并描述中国水螅的幼虫。 我们将推断世界属之间的关系并修改科的科群分类。 该项目将主要由三个实验室的一名博士生完成：南京农业大学的孙江海先生、罗格斯大学的周鑫先生和克莱姆森大学的克里斯蒂·乔·杰拉奇女士。 这三位同学将紧密合作。 孙先生将回顾中国已知物种，描述目前掌握的新物种，并描述他将带领的两次为期30天的中国广东省、广西省和福建省探险期间捕获的其他新物种。 利用在这些探险和协调项目中收集的标本的 DNA 序列，周先生将把尚未识别的幼虫与可识别的成虫联系起来，并描述相关的幼虫。 Geraci 女士将回顾世界所有属的先前和新的形态特征。 然后，利用现有标本中的DNA序列，再加上在澳大利亚、泰国、新西兰、新喀里多尼亚、马来西亚、南非和巴西的同事协助下获得的在中国收集的标本序列，她将推断世界之间的关系水精神动物属（分类依据）来自组合数据。我们预计中国科学已知的水精神动物物种数量至少会增加一倍。 通过描述许多水螅类物种尚不为人知的幼虫，我们将为中国及周边地区未来的生态研究和生物监测的完善奠定基础。 我们将在本次调查中完成的世界属的系统发育和由此产生的科群分类群的修订将在概念上促进该科的全球研究。 拟议的研究在培养三名博士的同时促进了发现和理解。科学家，其中两名是中国人，另一名是美国女性。 该研究建立了罗格斯大学、克莱姆森大学和南京农业大学之间的合作伙伴关系，并延续了克莱姆森大学和南京农业大学之间长达15年的高效合作伙伴关系，构成了广受尊敬的中美合作典范。 结果将通过专业出版物和公共媒体（例如万维网和 GenBank）广泛传播。 尤其值得注意的是，美国发起的技术将扩展到迅速恶化的全球水污染问题：这项研究的结果将大大有助于对中国水污染问题进行有效的生物监测，并加深对污染敏感群体的了解。动物分布于全球，包括美国