CAREER: Statistical Mechanics of Particulate Systems Far from Equilibrium

职业：远离平衡的颗粒系统的统计力学

• 批准号: 0239504
• 负责人: Hernan Makse
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: CUNY City College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-05-15 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0239504&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Statistical; Mechanics; Particulate; Systems

This CAREER award supports theoretical and computational research and education on "jammed" systems of particulate materials, such as emulsions and granular media. These systems are inherently far from their equilibrium state. This work seeks to test and further develop a unifying thermodynamic framework which promises to lead to a common understanding of a wide range of systems with collective relaxation dynamics. In particular, study will focus on two soft-matter systems: densely packed granular matter and highly concentrated emulsions. If a thermodynamic framework can describe the behavior of systems far from equilibrium, than an effective temperature with a true thermodynamic meaning exists as a key parameter in characterizing the material's properties. In order to examine the validity of this concept, the PI will perform computer simulations- using high-performance numerical algorithms in serial and parallel architectures- and develop an appropriate theoretical basis to describe the observed behavior. The PI will test whether the application of thermodynamic concepts may provide the framework for understanding slow granular rheology and nonlinear elastic phenomena. The work has potential broader impacts on the petroleum, pharmaceutical, and processing industries and on fundamental science through the exploration of the theoretical idea that a statistical ensemble for closely packed particulate systems could be an example of a true generalization of the application of statistical mechanics of Gibbs and Boltzmann to systems out of equilibrium. The educational component involves curriculum development and innovation, attraction and retention of underrepresented minority students, and dissemination of our results to a wide audience through an educational web site. It entails the development of a series of interdisciplinary courses on modern, soft-matter physics and computational physics topics, which will be tightly integrated with the research plan. Involving undergraduate and graduate students in research environments early on in their careers will be a priority of this program. The PI will draw an excellent pool of minority undergraduate and graduate students from physics and chemical, civil and mechanical engineering backgrounds. %%%This CAREER award supports theoretical and computational research and education on "jammed" systems of particulate materials, such as emulsions and granular media.In particulate materials, a "jammed" system results if particles are packed together so that all particles are touching their neighbors, a possibility provided the density is sufficiently high. It has been postulated that the behavior of systems experiencing such a state of structural arrest, a state that is inherently far from the equilibrium state, can be described by equilibrium thermodynamic concepts and the existence of an effective temperature. This work proposes to test and further develop a unifying thermodynamic framework which promises to lead to a common understanding of a wide range of systems. The work has potential broader impacts on the petroleum, pharmaceutical, and processing industries and on fundamental science through the exploration of the theoretical idea that a statistical ensemble for closely packed particulate systems could be an example of a true generalization of the application of statistical mechanics of Gibbs and Boltzmann to systems out of equilibrium. The educational component involves curriculum development and innovation, attraction and retention of underrepresented minority students, and dissemination of our results to a wide audience through an educational web site. It entails the development of a series of interdisciplinary courses on modern, soft-matter physics and computational physics topics, which will be tightly integrated with the research plan. Involving undergraduate and graduate students in research environments early on in their careers will be a priority of this program. The PI will draw an excellent pool of minority undergraduate and graduate students from physics and chemical, civil and mechanical engineering backgrounds. ***

该职业奖支持颗粒物质（例如乳液和颗粒状媒体）的“堵塞”系统的理论和计算研究和教育。这些系统固有地远离其平衡状态。这项工作旨在测试和进一步开发一个统一的热力学框架，该框架有望使人们对具有集体放松动态的广泛系统有了共同的理解。特别是，研究将重点放在两个软性系统上：密集的颗粒物和高度浓缩的乳液。如果热力学框架可以描述系统的行为远非平衡，那么与具有真正热力学意义的有效温度相比，存在作为表征材料特性的关键参数。为了检查此概念的有效性，PI将使用串行和并行体系结构中的高性能数值算法进行计算机模拟 - 并开发出适当的理论基础来描述观察到的行为。 PI将测试热力学概念的应用是否可以提供理解慢粒状流变学和非线性弹性现象的框架。这项工作通过探索理论观念的探索，即对紧密包装的颗粒系统的统计合奏可以成为Gibbs和Boltzmann统计学在Equilibibrium系统中应用统计学的应用，这可能是对石油，制药和加工行业以及基本科学的潜在广泛影响。教育组成部分涉及课程发展和创新，吸引和保留代表性不足的少数群体学生，以及通过教育网站将我们的结果传播给广泛的受众。它需要开发一系列有关现代，软性物理和计算物理主题的跨学科课程，这些课程将与研究计划紧密融合。该计划的重中之重，让本科生和研究生在研究环境中参与研究环境。 PI将吸引来自物理，化学，民用和机械工程背景的少数本科生和研究生。 %% %%该职业奖支持颗粒物质和颗粒介质的“堵塞”系统的理论和计算研究和教育。在颗粒物材料中，如果颗粒堆积在一起，则会将“堵塞”的系统产生，以便所有颗粒都触及邻居，只要密度足够高，就有可能。据推测，经历这种结构骤停状态的系统的行为，这种状态固有地远离平衡状态，可以通过平衡热力学概念和有效温度的存在来描述。这项工作建议测试并进一步开发一个统一的热力学框架，该框架有望导致对广泛系统的共同理解。这项工作通过探索理论观念的探索，即对紧密包装的颗粒系统的统计合奏可以成为Gibbs和Boltzmann统计学在Equilibibrium系统中应用统计学的应用，这可能是对石油，制药和加工行业以及基本科学的潜在广泛影响。教育组成部分涉及课程发展和创新，吸引和保留代表性不足的少数群体学生，以及通过教育网站将我们的结果传播给广泛的受众。它需要开发一系列有关现代，软性物理和计算物理主题的跨学科课程，这些课程将与研究计划紧密融合。该计划的重中之重，让本科生和研究生在研究环境中参与研究环境。 PI将吸引来自物理，化学，民用和机械工程背景的少数本科生和研究生。 ***