Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology

生物光子科学技术中心

• 批准号: 0120999
• 负责人: Dennis Matthews
• 金额: $ 2392.82万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-01 至 2013-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0120999&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Center; Biophotonics; Science; Technology; Center; Biophotonics; Science; Technology

Biophotonics is the science of generating and using light and other forms of radiant energy whose quantum unit is the photon for visualization, measurements, analysis, and manipulation of biological materials. The discipline strives to exploit the high spatial resolution, sensitivity, and spectral specificity of photonics to understand and affect biological structure and/or function. The Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology (CBST), an NSF Science and Technology Center, is a multi-disciplinary and multi-institutional activity designed to support a goal-directed, sustained effort to broadly advance the science of biophotonics. Center activities are spread over four university campuses, UC Davis, UC San Francisco, UC Berkeley, and Stanford University, and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The CBST emphasizes vertical integration of knowledge and applications that span the intellectual landscape, from creating new instrumentation and techniques to helping understand molecular mechanisms to providing technology that will enable the creation and development of important new biomedical tools. Research at the Center is divided among four strategic thrust areas: 1) biomolecular mechanisms; 2) imaging and diagnostics; 3) computational biophotonics; and 4) biomedical applications. The area of biomolecular mechanisms concentrates on experiments and tools related to the newly emerging field of single molecule imaging and detection, methodologies that are used in individual projects to investigate on a sub-cellular level molecular mechanisms related to DNA-protein interactions. The area of imaging and diagnostics focuses on the development of new instruments for a number of imaging methodologies, including ultra-high resolution optical microscopy, imaging non-linear optical properties of tissues, optical interference imaging through otherwise opaque tissue, and imaging tissue oxygenation by NIR imaging. Computational biophotonics focuses on the application of new simulation codes and supercomputers to support the projects in areas one and two and, in general, increase the understanding of photonic transport in and interaction with tissue. The area of biomedical applications focuses on optimizing and applying existing technologies to significant medical problems, including hyperspectral microscopy for searching for new optical signatures of disease, development of new, light-activated materials for surgical applications, and the utilization of x-ray sources for protein crystallography and live cell imaging. The centerpiece of the educational activity is the development of a series of six teaching modules, or "stepping stones," that bring the concepts of light, biology, and biophotonics to students from kindergarten (Step One, K-3) through graduate and post-doctoral research (Step Six). Central to the concept of the "stepping stones" approach is that the modules emphasize hands-on science activities promoting scientific inquiry and concept development. The "stepping stones modules" are disseminated widely to schools in the community through various mechanisms, among them the MESA and 4-H Youth Development Program. The Center has a strong, collaborative program for fostering outreach to and participation by non-center researchers in research activities. An Industry Partners Consortium (IPC) is used to bring interested members from industry together with CBST participants for the purpose of knowledge exchange, collaborative research, and the direct transfer of intellectual property and technology know-how to the commercial sector.

生物光谱是生成和使用光和其他形式的辐射能的科学，其量子单位是可视化，测量，分析和操纵生物材料的光子。 该学科致力于利用光子学的高空间分辨率，灵敏度和光谱特异性，以理解和影响生物结构和/或功能。 NSF科学技术中心生物技术科学技术中心（CBST）是一项多学科和多机构的活动，旨在支持目标指导的，持续的努力，以广泛推进生物素的科学。 中心活动分布在四个大学校园，加州大学戴维斯分校，加州大学旧金山分校，加州大学伯克利分校和斯坦福大学，以及劳伦斯·利弗莫尔国家实验室。 CBST强调了跨越知识界面​​的知识和应用的垂直整合，从创建新的仪器和技术到帮助了解分子机制到提供技术，从而能够创建和开发重要的新生物医学工具。 中心的研究分为四个战略推力区域：1）生物分子机制； 2）成像和诊断； 3）计算生物素化学； 4）生物医学应用。 生物分子机制的面积集中于与单分子成像和检测新出现的领域有关的实验和工具，在单个项目中使用的方法学用于研究与DNA-蛋白相互作用相关的亚细胞水​​平分子机制。 成像和诊断区域的重点是用于多种成像方法的新仪器的开发，包括超高分辨率光学显微镜，组织的非线性光学特性，通过其他不透明的组织以及NIR成像进行成像组织的光学干涉成像。 计算生物光谱学的重点是应用新的仿真代码和超级计算机来支持在第一和第二区域中的项目，并且通常会增加对光子传输和与组织相互作用的理解。 生物医学应用领域的重点是优化和应用现有技术，包括高光谱显微镜寻找新的疾病光学特征，开发新的，光激活的材料以进行手术应用以及X射线源用于蛋白质晶体学和活细胞成像。教育活动的核心是开发一系列六个教学模块或“步进石头”，这些模块将光，生物学和生物学的概念带给幼儿园（第一步，K-3）通过毕业生和博士后研究（第六步）。 “步进石头”方法概念的核心是，模块强调动手科学活动，促进了科学探究和概念发展。 “步进石头模块”通过各种机制（包括台面和4-H青年发展计划）广泛传播到社区中的学校。 该中心有一个强大的协作计划，用于促进非中心研究人员参与研究活动的参与和参与。 一个行业合作伙伴财团（IPC）用于将有兴趣的成员与CBST参与者一起，以进行知识交流，协作研究以及知识产权和技术知识直接转移到商业领域。