DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Offspring Recognition and Brood Parasitism in African Finches: Implications for Signal Mimicry and Diversification

论文研究：非洲雀的后代识别和巢寄生：对信号拟态和多样化的影响

• 批准号: 0104481
• 负责人: David Winkler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Cornell Univ - State: AWDS MADE PRIOR MAY 2010
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-05-01 至 2003-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0104481&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Offspring; Recognition; Brood

Offspring Recognition and Brood Parasitism in African Finches: Implications for Signal Mimicry and DiversificationDavid W. Winkler and Justin G. SchuetzCommunication between parents and offspring is widespread among birds. However, the signals that nestlings employ in this dialogue have undergone extreme elaboration in only two families of birds, the Estrildid finches and the brood parasitic Viduid finches. The mouth patterns of estrildid nestlings are incredibly diverse; each species possesses a unique combination of spots, colors, and markings on its palate and tongue. Viduid nestlings, which are raised alongside estrildid host nestlings, have mouth markings that precisely match those of the host species they exploit. Presumably, mimicry occurs because raising parasites is costly and because host parents that discriminate against foreign-looking young are favored by natural selection. However, to date, there is scanty evidence for nestling recognition in estrildids and only a few studies of wild host populations have been undertaken. Previous work suggests that food availability, host learning, and nestling phenotypes may influence whether host parents recognize and reject nestlings. Controlled aviary experiments in combination with fieldwork will help to assess the relative importance of these variables. Captive populations of known-age hosts and parasites have already been established, and research in Tanzania, where a viduid exploits more than one host species, will allow for tests of nestling discrimination. Throughout aviary and fieldwork, variation in nestling morphologies within and across species will be documented. In addition to informing our understanding of offspring recognition behavior, results from this research will provide insight into host-parasite interactions and the processes that affect the evolution of animal signals.

非洲雀科中的后代识别和育雏寄生虫：对信号模仿和多样化的diversificationDavid W. Winkler和贾斯汀·舒特兹（Justin G. Schuetzcommuntication）的影响，父母与后代之间的刺激性在鸟类之间广泛存在。但是，雏鸟在这种对话中采用的信号仅在两个鸟类，Estrildid Finches和育雏的寄生虫雀科中进行了极端阐述。 Estrildid Nestlings的口模式非常多样化。每个物种在口感和舌头上都具有独特的斑点，颜色和标记。与Estrildid宿主雏鸟一起抬起的Viduid Nestlings的口号与他们所利用的宿主物种的凹痕完全匹配。据推测，发生模仿是因为养育寄生虫成本很高，并且歧视外国年轻的寄主父母受到自然选择的青睐。但是，迄今为止，有很少的证据表明雌性群体中的雏鸟识别，并且仅进行了少数对野生宿主种群的研究。先前的工作表明，食物的可用性，宿主学习和雏鸟表型可能会影响寄主父母是否认识和拒绝雏鸟。与现场工作结合使用的受控鸟舍实验将有助于评估这些变量的相对重要性。已经建立了已知年龄寄主和寄生虫的圈养人群，在坦桑尼亚的研究中，viduid剥削了多种寄主物种，将允许进行雏鸟歧视的测试。在整个鸟舍和野外工作中，将记录物种内部和整个物种内部形态的变化。除了了解我们对后代识别行为的理解外，这项研究的结果还将洞悉宿主 - 寄生虫相互作用以及影响动物信号发展的过程。