BIOCOMPLEXITY--Multiscale Simulation of Avian Limb Development

生物复杂性——鸟类肢体发育的多尺度模拟

• 批准号: 0083653
• 负责人: James Glazier
• 金额: $ 299.93万
• 依托单位: University of Notre Dame
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-01 至 2002-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0083653&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: BIOCOMPLEXITY; Multiscale; Simulation; Avian; Limb

0083653GlazierDeveloping multicellular organisms exhibit dramatic changes in shape and form, as well as the emergence of rapidly changing spatial organization of specialized (differentiated) cell types, e.g. neurons and muscle fibers. These events, which generate the body plan and the various organs, depend on regulated gene expression, elaborate interactions between and among cells, and coordinated cell movement. Gene expression by itself cannot give a full account of the emergence of body plans, specific forms and shapes. Genetics and biochemistry interact with the physical properties of individual cells and cell aggregates in the course of development, making it a multiscale process of enormous complexity. As in many complex processes, however, one can discover dynamical and organizational rules at various levels if appropriate techniques are used to analyze developing organisms. This project brings together biologists, experimental and theoretical physicists, mathematicians, and computer scientists, each of whom has experience analyzing individual biophysical problems, and brings their expertise to bear on a specific developmental process-the formation of the vertebrate limb. Experimental and theoretical methods will be used to investigate the emergence of the limb bud from the body wall, the control of genes mediating cell aggregation, the spatiotemporal regulation of the limb skeletal pattern, and the ingrowth of nerve fibers into the limb from the spinal cord.This work will result in a multilevel characterization including subcellular, cellular and supracellular mechanisms which will provide a causal understanding of vertebrate limb development, as well as generate analytical tools that can be used to study similar problems in developmental biology. These tools will include software for solving the inevitably complex systems of mathematical equations that describe the interplay of genetic and material properties found in living embryos. New software will be built and distributed to model not only limb development, but also other types of organ formation and illness (e.g. tumor metastasis and vascularization). The overall strategy represents a step towards genuinely integrated research on animal development to deliver on the promise of the gene sequencing projects of the previous decade.

0083653GlazierDeveloping多细胞生物在形状和形式上表现出巨大的变化，以及迅速变化的专业（差异化）细胞类型的空间组织的出现，例如神经元和肌肉纤维。这些事件产生身体计划和各种器官，取决于受调节的基因表达，细胞之间和细胞之间的相互作用以及协调的细胞运动。基因表达本身不能全面说明身体计划，特定形式和形状的出现。在发育过程中，遗传学和生物化学与单个细胞和细胞聚集体的物理特性相互作用，使其成为巨大复杂性的多尺度过程。但是，在许多复杂的过程中，如果使用适当的技术来分析开发生物体，则可以在各个层面上发现动态和组织规则。该项目汇集了生物学家，实验和理论物理学家，数学家和计算机科学家，他们每个人都有分析个体生物物理问题的经验，并带来了他们的专业知识，可以承受特定的发育过程 - 脊椎动物肢体的形成。 Experimental and theoretical methods will be used to investigate the emergence of the limb bud from the body wall, the control of genes mediating cell aggregation, the spatiotemporal regulation of the limb skeletal pattern, and the ingrowth of nerve fibers into the limb from the spinal cord.This work will result in a multilevel characterization including subcellular, cellular and supracellular mechanisms which will provide a causal understanding of脊椎动物的肢体发育以及生成可用于研究发育生物学类似问题的分析工具。这些工具将包括用于求解数学方程式不可避免的复杂系统，这些软件描述了生物胚胎中发现的遗传和材料特性的相互作用。新软件将被构建并分布，不仅建模肢体开发，还建立其他类型的器官形成和疾病（例如肿瘤转移和血管化）。总体策略代表了朝着动物发展进行真正整合的研究迈出的一步，以实现前十年基因测序项目的希望。