Origin and Evolutionary Diversification of Andromonoecy

雄性同花体的起源和进化多样化

基本信息

批准号：
9982489
负责人：
Pamela Diggle
金额：
$ 25万
依托单位：
University of Colorado at Boulder
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2000-02-01 至 2005-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9982489&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Origin Evolutionary Diversification Andromonoecy

项目摘要

9982489DiggleOne of the most intriguing aspects of plant reproductive and evolutionary biology today is the diversity of sexual systems in flowering plants. The majority of flowering plants are hermaphroditic, with each flower bearing both male and female parts. A significant number of flowering plants, however, have evolved highly complex sexual systems that involve the production of different flower types by the same individual. Andromonoecyis a sexual system in which plants produce both hermaphrodite and functionally male flowers. Despite over a century of intensive study of the function of andromonoecy, the origin of this sexual system remains a mystery. This study addresses the evolutionary origin and diversification of andromonoecy within the genus Solanum. This research will identify the specific features of plants and flowers that have been modified during the evolutionary transition from the production of only hermaphroditic flowers to andromonoecy and the ability to produce both hermaphroditic and male flowers.This research on the evolution and function of plant sexual systems has broad implications for basic and applied research in plant biology. Sexual systems determine patterns of mating, and thus the genetic structure of populations. They are important determinants of reproductive output (e.g., fruit production), and may provide critical mechanisms for plant response to environmental variation. The results of this research will be particularly important for understanding past evolutionary responses to a variable environment and predicting mechanisms of response to future environmental change. In addition, functional andromonoecy limits productivity in many species , including perennial fruit crops. This research has the potential to identify developmental processes that can be targeted by breeders and geneticists to improve productivity.

9982489Diggle 当今植物繁殖和进化生物学最有趣的方面之一是开花植物性系统的多样性。大多数开花植物是雌雄同体，每朵花都有雄性和雌性部分。然而，大量开花植物已经进化出高度复杂的性系统，涉及同一个体产生不同类型的花。雄雌花是一种性系统，植物产生雌雄同体和功能性雄花。尽管对雄性同性系统的功能进行了一个多世纪的深入研究，但这种性系统的起源仍然是一个谜。这项研究探讨了茄属内雄性同花异株的进化起源和多样化。这项研究将确定植物和花卉在从仅产生雌雄同体花到雄花同花的进化转变过程中发生改变的具体特征，以及同时产生雌雄同体和雄花的能力。这项关于植物性系统的进化和功能的研究对植物生物学的基础和应用研究具有广泛的影响。性系统决定交配模式，从而决定种群的遗传结构。它们是生殖产出（例如水果产量）的重要决定因素，并且可能为植物对环境变化的反应提供关键机制。这项研究的结果对于理解过去对可变环境的进化反应和预测对未来环境变化的反应机制特别重要。此外，功能性雄花雌雄同体限制了许多物种的生产力，包括多年生水果作物。这项研究有可能确定育种者和遗传学家可以针对的发育过程，以提高生产力。