Doctoral Dissertation Research: Political and Social Organization During the Early Horizon, Casma Valley, Peru

博士论文研究：早期的政治和社会组织，秘鲁卡斯马谷

• 批准号: 9813748
• 负责人: Richard Burger
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-01 至 2000-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9813748&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Political; Social

Under the direction of Dr. Richard Burger, Mr. Ivan Ghezzi will collect data for his doctoral dissertation. He will conduct archaeological excavations at the site of San Diego, located in the lower Casma Valley on the northern coast of Peru. The site itself dates to the Early Horizon period, from ca. 800 - 200 BC and consists of a series of interconnected architectural compounds made up by rooms, corridors, courtyards and low platform mounds. These compounds are arranged around large plazas up to eight hectares in size. Because of the dry desertic conditions preservation of organic remains, rare in most archaeological sites, is excellent. Occupational layers are thin and relatively near the surface and thus it is possible to excavate broad areas quickly. Mr. Ghezzi will take advantage of this fact to expose domestic structures and the space around them. Over the course of two seasons of fieldwork he will conduct a systematic stratified sampling in domestic units and refuse deposits to elucidate the basic patterns of socioeconomic variability. On the basis of materials collected it will be possible to provide a representative picture of the community at San Diego and to examine the extent to which hierarchical differentiation in wealth between domestic units is present. The Early Horizon in Peru is marked by the appearance of a stylistic horizon which appears strongest in the Northern Highland area yet spreads across much of Peru. Termed `Chavin` it is unclear what it actually represents. Given that a series of later empires united, for temporary periods of time, much of this same area, archaeologists tend to interpret `Chavin` in this same context and view it as the first of Peru's empires. However the distribution of Chavin materials is spotty and it is unclear the extent of actual social and political integration which took place. Mr. Ghezzi will examine this question. San Diego is located outside, yet not far from the Chavin heartland and preliminary survey indicates relatively little Chavin influence. Through an analysis of the site it should be possible to determine whether it exhibits an independent hierarchical system or whether it is best understood as an under-developed part of a Chavin periphery. The research will provide data of interest to many archaeologists and assist in training a promising young scientist.

在理查德·伯格（Richard Burger）博士的指导下，伊万·盖兹（Ivan Ghezzi）先生将收集数据以供博士论文。他将在秘鲁北部海岸的下级卡马山谷的圣地亚哥遗址进行考古发掘。该地点本身可以​​追溯到早期的地平线。公元前800 - 200年，由一系列由房间，走廊，庭院和低平台土墩组成的相互联系的建筑化合物组成。这些化合物围绕着八公顷大小的大广场排列。由于荒漠​​遗迹的干燥条件，有机遗骸的保存很少，在大多数考古遗址中很少见。职业层较薄且相对较近，因此有可能快速挖掘广阔的区域。 Ghezzi先生将利用这一事实来揭露国内结构及其周围的空间。在两个季节的野外工作过程中，他将在国内单位进行系统的分层采样，并拒绝沉积物以阐明社会经济可变性的基本模式。根据收集的材料，可以提供圣地亚哥社区的代表性图片，并研究国内单位之间财富的分层分化程度。 秘鲁的早期视野的标志是出现了风格的地平线，该视野在北部高地地区似乎最强，但在秘鲁大部分地区都散布。被称为“ chavin”，不清楚它实际上代表了什么。鉴于一系列后来的帝国联合在临时时期，在同一地区，考古学家倾向于在同一背景下解释“查文”，并将其视为秘鲁的第一个帝国。但是，查文材料的分布次数很少，目前尚不清楚发生的实际社会和政治融合的程度。 Ghezzi先生将研究这个问题。圣地亚哥（San Diego）位于外面，但距离查文（Chavin）心脏地带（Chavin Heartland）不远，初步调查表明，查文（Chavin）的影响相对较小。通过对站点的分析，应该可以确定它是否表现出独立的分层系统，还是最好将其理解为Chavin外围的一个不发达的部分。该研究将为许多考古学家提供感兴趣的数据，并协助培训一位有前途的年轻科学家。