Nuclear, Particle, and Weak Interaction Physics of the Big Bang and Stellar Collapse

大爆炸和恒星塌缩的核、粒子和弱相互作用物理学

• 批准号: 9800980
• 负责人: George Fuller
• 金额: $ 27万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-07-01 至 2001-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9800980&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nuclear; Particle; Weak; Interaction; Physics

Some properties (e.g., rest masses) of the mysterious neutrinos remain elusive. Discovery of these properties may well represent new physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics and could give us insights into the evolution of the universe. In part, little is known about these particles because they interact so weakly that conventional laboratory experiments are rarely definitive. Serendipidously, however, neutrinos and neutrino interactions with matter may play a dominant role in the synthesis of the light nuclei in the early universe and in the synthesis of the heavy nuclei in supernova explosions. To the extent that we can understand the nuclear physics of these astrophysical environments, we may be able to employ them (that is, their observed nucleosynthesis products) as neutrino physics "laboratories." Conversely, new experimental insights into the properties of the neutrinos may allow us a better understanding of how nuclei were made in our universe. This remains, afterall, a central problem of nuclear physics. The work proposed here aims to exploit the symbiosis between neutrino physics and the nucleosynthesis of the light and heavy nuclei. The goal of this work will be to make progress in understanding each of these issues.

神秘的中微子的某些特性（例如，休息量）仍然难以捉摸。 这些属性的发现很可能代表了粒子物理学的标准模型之外的新物理，并可能使我们深入了解宇宙的演变。 在某种程度上，对这些粒子的相互作用很少，以至于传统的实验室实验很少确定性。然而，偶然地，中​​微子和中微子与物质的相互作用可能在早期宇宙中光核的合成以及超新星爆炸中重核的合成中起主要作用。在我们可以理解这些天体物理环境的核物理学的范围内，我们也许可以将它们（即它们观察到的核合成产物）作为中微子物理学“实验室”。 相反，对中微子的特性的新实验见解可能使我们可以更好地了解核中核的形成方式。 毕竟，这仍然是核物理学的核心问题。 这里提出的工作旨在利用中微子物理学与光和重核的核合成之间的共生。 这项工作的目的是在理解这些问题中的每一个方面取得进展。