Measuring the Effects of Thunderstorms on Upper Tropospheric Trace Gases

测量雷暴对对流层上层痕量气体的影响

• 批准号: 9634125
• 负责人: Michael Poellot
• 金额: $ 25.84万
• 依托单位: University of North Dakota Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-07-01 至 2000-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9634125&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Measuring; Effects; Thunderstorms; Upper; Tropospheric

9634125 Stith A one month field experiment will be carried out to study the formation of nitrogen oxides (NOx) by lightning and the transport of air and trace gases by thunderstorms, as a part of the Stratosphere Troposphere Experiments: Radiation, Aerosols, and Ozone (STERAO) experiment in June and July of 1996. The main facilities of STERAO are the NCAR WB57F high altitude aircraft, the NOAA WP3D aircraft with a tail Doppler radar, and the Colorado State University CHILL multiparameter Doppler radar. Both of these aircraft will collect aerosol, trace gas and kinematic data on thunderstorms. However, neither of the two aircraft are able to penetrate the upper portions of the anvil cloud from thunderstorms. This project will add the University of North Dakota Citation fanjet aircraft to STERAO, so that penetrations of anvil clouds can be made during the project. These are thought to be a critical part of the experiment, because previous measurements of NOx in thunderstorms found that a significant portion of the NOx produced by lightning was in the upper portion of the anvil cloud and not in the clear air around the cloud which will be the region sampled by the WB57F. If the same holds true for thunderstorms in STERAO, the lack of an anvil penetrating aircraft may render calculations of the NOx production by lightning difficult or impossible. The Citation will carry wind and turbulence instrumentation, trace gas instruments, and cloud microphysical probes. In particular, a fast-response chemiluminescence-based instrument for NOx measurements will be used. The experimental data along with storm kinematic data from the radars will be used to study the storm features that are responsible for the transport and redistribution of trace gases. These results will also be compared with proposed numerical cloud modeling studies of convective redistribution.

9634125将进行一个月的现场实验，以研究通过雷击的闪电和空气和微量气的运输，作为对流层实验的一部分：辐射，气溶胶，气溶胶（STERAO）在6月和7月7日的设施7年7月7日的设施7.6 6月7日的设施。海拔飞机，带有尾巴多普勒雷达的NOAA WP3D飞机和科罗拉多州立大学寒意多参数多普勒雷达。这两种飞机都将收集有关雷暴的气溶胶，痕量气体和运动学数据。但是，两架飞机都无法从雷暴中穿透砧云的上部。该项目将将北达科他大学引用粉丝飞机添加到Sterao中，以便在该项目期间可以制造砧云的穿透。这些被认为是实验的关键部分，因为先前在雷克斯中对NOX的测量结果发现，雷克斯发现，闪电产生的NOX的很大一部分位于砧云的上部，而不是在云周围的透明空气中，这将是由WB57F采样的区域。如果STERAO中的雷暴情况也是如此，那么缺乏砧座飞机可能会导致难以或不可能通过闪电来计算NOX的产量。 引用将携带风和湍流仪器，痕量气体仪器和云微物理探针。特别是，将使用用于NOX测量的快速反应化学发光仪器。实验数据以及来自雷达的风暴运动数据将用于研究导致痕量气体运输和重新分布的风暴特征。这些结果也将与提出的对流重新分布的数值云建模研究进行比较。